Berger William E
Allergy and Asthma Associates of Southern California, Mission Viejo, CA 92691-6410, USA.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2005 Nov;2(6):965-80. doi: 10.1517/17425247.2.6.965.
Aerosol therapy, the preferred route of administration for glucocorticosteroids and short-acting beta(2)-adrenergic agonists in the treatment of paediatric asthma, may be given via nebulisers, metered-dose inhalers and dry powder inhalers. For glucocorticosteroids, therapy with aerosolised medication results in higher concentrations of drug at the target organ with minimal systemic side effects compared with oral treatments. The dose of drug that reaches the airways in children with asthma is dependent on both the delivery device and patient-related factors. Factors that affect aerosol drug delivery are reviewed briefly. Advantages and disadvantages of each device and device-specific factors that influence patient preferences are examined. Although age-based device recommendations have been made, the optimal choice for drug delivery is the one that the patient or caregiver prefers to use, can use correctly and is most likely to use consistently.
雾化吸入疗法是治疗儿童哮喘时糖皮质激素和短效β₂肾上腺素能激动剂的首选给药途径，可通过雾化器、定量吸入器和干粉吸入器进行。对于糖皮质激素，与口服治疗相比，雾化药物治疗可使靶器官的药物浓度更高，全身副作用最小。哮喘患儿气道中到达的药物剂量取决于给药装置和患者相关因素。本文简要回顾了影响雾化药物递送的因素。研究了每种装置的优缺点以及影响患者偏好的特定装置因素。尽管已给出基于年龄的装置推荐，但药物递送的最佳选择是患者或护理人员更愿意使用、能够正确使用且最有可能持续使用的装置。
