Bisaga Adam, Evans Suzette M
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Dr., Unit #120, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006 Jun 9;83(1):25-32. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.10.008. Epub 2005 Nov 17.
Alcohol effects in humans involve gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission. It has been proposed that GABAergic medications may be effective in the treatment of alcohol dependence. This study evaluated the acute effects of gabapentin, an anticonvulsant that increases extracellular GABA, on the subjective, physiological, and performance effects of alcohol in heavy (mean 34 drinks per week) alcohol drinkers.
Seventeen volunteers without alcohol dependence were tested using a double-blind design with three 3-day long inpatient phases, each separated by at least a 1-week wash-out period. Each phase, gabapentin (0, 1000, or 2000mg) was administered 4h before alcohol (0.75g/kg), which was given in four divided doses every 20min.
Gabapentin impaired the ability to balance without producing changes in subjective, physiological or other performance measures. Pretreatment with gabapentin did not significantly alter subjective and performance effects of alcohol and did not alter alcohol craving. Gabapentin, dose-dependently enhanced alcohol-induced tachycardia.
Acute gabapentin administration was well tolerated in combination with alcohol, but did not alter the effects of alcohol.
酒精对人类的影响涉及γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）神经传递。有人提出，GABA能药物可能对酒精依赖的治疗有效。本研究评估了加巴喷丁（一种可增加细胞外GABA的抗惊厥药）对重度饮酒者（平均每周饮用34杯酒）饮酒后的主观、生理及行为效应的急性影响。
17名无酒精依赖的志愿者采用双盲设计进行测试，共分为三个为期3天的住院阶段，每个阶段之间至少间隔1周的洗脱期。在每个阶段，于饮酒（0.75g/kg）前4小时给予加巴喷丁（0、1000或2000mg），酒精分四次给药，每20分钟一次。
加巴喷丁损害了平衡能力，但未改变主观、生理或其他行为指标。加巴喷丁预处理未显著改变酒精的主观及行为效应，也未改变对酒精的渴望。加巴喷丁剂量依赖性地增强了酒精引起的心动过速。
加巴喷丁与酒精联合使用时耐受性良好，但未改变酒精的效应。
