Tüchsen F, Hannerz H, Burr H, Krause N
Department of Surveillance and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Occup Environ Med. 2005 Dec;62(12):847-50. doi: 10.1136/oem.2005.020537.
Recent studies suggest that prolonged standing at work is associated with the development of diseases of varicose veins (VV).
To assess the risk of hospitalisation due to VV in the lower extremities prospectively in workers standing or walking at least 75% of their time at work.
A representative random sample of 9653 working age adults was drawn from the Central Population Register of Denmark in 1991. Of these, 8664 accepted to be interviewed by telephone (response rate 90%). Respondents (2939 men and 2708 women) were 20-59 years old and employed in 1990. Risk ratios for VV were estimated by log-linear Poisson regression models separately for men and women with adjustment for smoking status, body mass index (BMI), heavy lifting, and, for females only, number of children at baseline.
During 12 years of follow up, 40 hospitalisations due to VV were observed among the men and 71 among the women. For employees with jobs that require prolonged standing or walking compared to all other employees, the relative risk was 1.75 (95% CI 0.92 to 3.34) for men and 1.82 (95% CI 1.12 to 2.95) for women. The pooled estimate of the relative risk was 1.78 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.68). The aetiological fraction of prolonged standing or walking at work was estimated as 22.5% for men and 22.6% for women.
This prospective study confirms that prolonged standing at work constitutes an excess risk of hospital treatment due to varicose veins and accounts for more than one fifth of all cases of working age.
近期研究表明，长时间站立工作与静脉曲张疾病的发生有关。
前瞻性评估在工作中至少75%的时间处于站立或行走状态的工人因下肢静脉曲张而住院的风险。
1991年从丹麦中央人口登记处抽取了9653名工作年龄成年人的代表性随机样本。其中，8664人接受了电话访谈（应答率90%）。受访者（2939名男性和2708名女性）年龄在20至59岁之间，于1990年就业。通过对数线性泊松回归模型分别对男性和女性的静脉曲张风险比进行估计，并对吸烟状况、体重指数（BMI）、重物搬运情况进行调整，对于女性，还对基线时的子女数量进行了调整。
在12年的随访期间，男性中有40例因静脉曲张住院，女性中有71例。与所有其他员工相比，从事需要长时间站立或行走工作的员工，男性的相对风险为1.75（95%置信区间0.92至3.34），女性为1.82（95%置信区间1.12至2.95）。相对风险的合并估计值为1.78（95%置信区间1.19至2.68）。工作中长时间站立或行走的病因分数估计男性为22.5%，女性为22.6%。
这项前瞻性研究证实，长时间站立工作会增加因静脉曲张而住院治疗的额外风险，且占所有工作年龄病例的五分之一以上。
