Prüss-Ustün Annette, Rapiti Elisabetta, Hutin Yvan
Protection of the Human Environment, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Am J Ind Med. 2005 Dec;48(6):482-90. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20230.
The global burden of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection due to percutaneous injuries among health care workers (HCWs) is estimated.
The incidence of infections attributable to percutaneous injuries in 14 geographical regions on the basis of the probability of injury, the prevalence of infection, the susceptibility of the worker, and the percutaneous transmission potential are modeled. The model also provides the attributable fractions of infection in HCWs.
Overall, 16,000 HCV, 66,000 HBV, and 1,000 HIV infections may have occurred in the year 2000 worldwide among HCWs due to their occupational exposure to percutaneous injuries. The fraction of infections with HCV, HBV, and HIV in HCWs attributable to occupational exposure to percutaneous injuries fraction reaches 39%, 37%, and 4.4% respectively.
Occupational exposures to percutaneous injuries are substantial source of infections with bloodborne pathogens among health-care workers (HCWs). These infections are highly preventable and should be eliminated.
估算了医护人员因经皮损伤导致的乙型肝炎（HBV）、丙型肝炎（HCV）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的全球负担。
基于损伤概率、感染患病率、工作人员易感性和经皮传播潜力，对14个地理区域经皮损伤所致感染的发病率进行建模。该模型还提供了医护人员感染的归因比例。
总体而言，2000年全球医护人员因职业暴露于经皮损伤可能发生了16000例HCV感染、66000例HBV感染和1000例HIV感染。医护人员中因职业暴露于经皮损伤导致的HCV、HBV和HIV感染比例分别达到39%、37%和4.4%。
职业暴露于经皮损伤是医护人员血源性病原体感染的重要来源。这些感染是高度可预防的，应予以消除。
