Rosen Laura, Manor Orly, Engelhard Dan, Brody David, Rosen Bruce, Peleg Hannah, Meir Marina, Zucker David
Hebrew University School of Public Health, P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
Prev Med. 2006 Jan;42(1):27-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.09.012. Epub 2005 Nov 21.
Preschools are often focal points for the spread of illness among young children. The objective of this preschool intervention trial was to determine whether a hygiene program can promote handwashing and thereby reduce illness absenteeism.
This cluster randomized trial included 40 Jerusalem preschools with 1029 children for 6 baseline days and 66 study days, yielding 73,779 child days. The main outcomes were rates of handwashing and illness absenteeism. The intervention included an educational program and environmental changes. A simultaneous subtrial was run to test a home component.
This multi-site intervention program produced sustained behavioral and environmental changes over a 6-month period. An approximately threefold increase in handwashing with soap was observed among preschool children exposed to the intervention. Neither the preschool nor the home intervention program reduced illness absenteeism or overall absenteeism.
This trial illuminates the potential of the preschool as a promising venue for health promotion activities leading to sustained behavioral change, yet suggests the need for enhanced approaches for reducing illness absenteeism.
幼儿园常常是幼儿疾病传播的集中场所。这项幼儿园干预试验的目的是确定一项卫生计划是否能促进洗手，从而减少因病缺勤情况。
这项整群随机试验纳入了耶路撒冷的40所幼儿园的1029名儿童，进行6天的基线期和66天的研究期，共计73779个儿童日。主要结局是洗手率和因病缺勤率。干预措施包括一项教育计划和环境改变。同时开展了一项子试验以测试家庭部分的干预效果。
这项多地点干预计划在6个月期间产生了持续的行为和环境改变。在接受干预的学龄前儿童中，用肥皂洗手的情况增加了约三倍。幼儿园干预计划和家庭干预计划均未降低因病缺勤率或总体缺勤率。
这项试验揭示了幼儿园作为开展能带来持续行为改变的健康促进活动的理想场所的潜力，但也表明需要改进方法以减少因病缺勤情况。
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