Correll J, Berger N
Orthopädische Kinderklinik, Aschau im Chiemgau.
Orthopade. 2005 Oct;34(10):1061-72; quiz 1073-4. doi: 10.1007/s00132-005-0874-x.
During the skeletal development of the axis and foot of the child physiological specialties can occur. Those are thick fatty sole, increased valgus in the ankle joint, tibial varus as a toddler with first varus, later on valgus in the knee, increased laxity of the ligaments, increased anteversion of the femoral neck with "kneeing in" and "toeing in", and with knees first in flexion, later on hyperextension. The knowledge of those specialties is important to be able to diagnose and treat deformities of the foot during childhood. Included are club foot, flexible flatfoot, vertical talus, pes adductus, equinus, cavus foot and talipes calcaneovalgus. If treated at the right time, those disorders of the feet can resolve completely. If an operation can't be avoided, the indication has to be chosen with care.
在儿童脊柱和足部骨骼发育过程中，可能会出现一些生理特征。这些特征包括足底脂肪增厚、踝关节外翻增加、幼儿期胫骨内翻伴初次内翻，随后膝关节外翻、韧带松弛增加、股骨颈前倾增加伴“膝内翻”和“足内翻”，以及膝关节最初屈曲，随后过度伸展。了解这些特征对于能够诊断和治疗儿童期足部畸形非常重要。其中包括马蹄内翻足、柔韧性扁平足、垂直距骨、内收足、马蹄足、高弓足和跟骨外翻足。如果在合适的时间进行治疗，这些足部疾病可以完全治愈。如果无法避免手术，则必须谨慎选择手术指征。
