Leger D, Poursain B
Centre du Sommeil, Hôtel-Dieu de Paris, Paris, France.
Curr Med Res Opin. 2005 Nov;21(11):1785-92. doi: 10.1185/030079905X65637.
Due to its high prevalence, considerable impact on well-being, and high medical and societal costs, insomnia represents an important healthcare challenge. Despite this, the prevalence of this condition is under-recognized and many sufferers do not receive adequate treatment.
This international survey investigated the prevalence and characteristics of insomnia in the general population in France. Italy, Japan and the USA to better understand why insomnia is under-recognized and under-treated.
Type, frequency, natural history of night- and day-time symptoms, and attitudes of people regarding the nature and treatment of insomnia was quantitatively assessed from a representative sample of the general population aged > 18 years in each of the four countries. A survey of an extensive series of standardized 10-15-min interviews was conducted over the telephone by professional interviewers.
Insomnia was reported by 37.2% of respondents in France and Italy, 6.6% in Japan, and 27.1% in the USA. The mean number of symptoms reported per patient was two, with sleep maintenance insomnia the most predominant symptom (73%), followed by difficulty falling asleep (61%), and poor sleep quality (48%). Daytime fatigue and impaired concentration and attention were the most commonly reported next-day symptoms as a result of poor sleep. The majority of individuals with sleep problems reported being 'somewhat' or 'very' bothered by their symptoms, and reported that their sleep problems impacted on their daily quality of life either 'somewhat' or 'a lot'. Among individuals with a history of insomnia, the rate of reporting insomnia symptoms to physicians was generally low and of those who did consult a physician, few were prescribed any medication.
The results of this study suggest that in Europe, Japan and the USA, the burden of insomnia on sufferers is considerable. Many respondents took no action to alleviate their insomnia symptoms despite the poor sleep impacting on their daily quality of life either 'somewhat' or 'a lot'.
由于失眠症患病率高、对幸福感有重大影响且医疗和社会成本高昂，它成为了一项重大的医疗保健挑战。尽管如此，这种病症的患病率仍未得到充分认识，许多患者未得到充分治疗。
这项国际调查研究了法国、意大利、日本和美国普通人群中失眠症的患病率及特征，以更好地理解失眠症为何未得到充分认识和治疗。
从四个国家中年龄超过18岁的普通人群代表性样本中，对失眠症的类型、频率、昼夜症状的自然史以及人们对失眠症性质和治疗的态度进行了定量评估。由专业访谈员通过电话进行了一系列广泛的标准化10 - 15分钟访谈调查。
法国和意大利37.2%的受访者报告有失眠症，日本为6.6%，美国为27.1%。每位患者报告的症状平均数为两个，其中睡眠维持性失眠是最主要的症状（73%），其次是入睡困难（61%）和睡眠质量差（48%）。白天疲劳以及注意力不集中是睡眠不佳导致的最常见的次日症状。大多数有睡眠问题的人表示其症状让他们“有点”或“非常”困扰，并报告他们的睡眠问题对其日常生活质量有“一定程度”或“很大程度”的影响。在有失眠病史的人群中，向医生报告失眠症状的比例普遍较低，而在那些咨询过医生的人中，很少有人被开任何药物。
这项研究结果表明，在欧洲、日本和美国，失眠症给患者带来的负担相当大。尽管睡眠不佳对他们的日常生活质量有“一定程度”或“很大程度”的影响，但许多受访者并未采取任何行动来缓解他们的失眠症状。
