Howell Lydia Pleotis, Lin-Chang Lynne
Department of Pathology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
Clin Lab Med. 2005 Dec;25(4):733-60, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2005.08.008.
A definitive cytologic diagnosis of breast cancer is usually possible when using the six major criteria of malignancy (cellularity, dyshesion, monomorphism, anisonucleosis, irregular nuclear membranes, prominent nucleoli) as part of the triple test. Carcinomas of special type have unique clinical and cytologic features that pathologists need to consider, because these may confuse interpretation. Complete subtyping of carcinomas may not always be possible by fine needle aspiration. Diagnostic accuracy for breast carcinoma is excellent. False-negative diagnoses are infrequent and chiefly due to sampling issues. False-positive diagnoses are extremely rare. Uniform report terminology should be used to ensure that diagnostic information is conveyed appropriately and consistently to guide the next diagnostic or treatment step.
在将六项主要恶性标准（细胞数量、细胞黏附丧失、细胞形态单一性、核大小不一、核膜不规则、核仁显著）作为三联检查的一部分时，通常能够对乳腺癌做出明确的细胞学诊断。特殊类型的癌具有独特的临床和细胞学特征，病理学家需要予以考虑，因为这些特征可能会干扰诊断解读。通过细针穿刺活检不一定总能对癌进行完整的亚型分类。乳腺癌的诊断准确性很高。假阴性诊断很少见，主要是由于取样问题。假阳性诊断极为罕见。应使用统一的报告术语，以确保诊断信息得到恰当且一致的传达，从而指导下一步的诊断或治疗。
