Nymark Jennifer R, Balmer Suzanne J, Melis Ellen H, Lemaire Edward D, Millar Shawn
The Rehabilitation Centre, Ottawa Hospital, the Institute for Rehabilitation Research and Development, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
J Rehabil Res Dev. 2005 Jul-Aug;42(4):523-34. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2004.05.0059.
This study compared the kinematic and electromyographic (EMG) gait patterns of able-bodied adults at natural speed in contrast to extremely slow overground and treadmill walking speeds. Kinematic and EMG data were collected at three speeds (self-selected, 0.30 m/s, and 0.20 m/s). Eighteen subjects were evaluated for trunk and lower-limb motion and EMG of five lower-limb muscles. Significant reductions were found in segmental motion between natural speed and both slower gait speeds, accompanied by an expected reduction in cadence and stride. EMG patterns at slower speeds showed changes in timing and reduced magnitudes. Phasic timing of the proximal muscles showed the most changes with predominant coactivation, whereas the distal muscles remained consistent with the pattern at natural self-selected speed. Overground versus treadmill gait patterns revealed minimal differences. Consideration of the effects of slower walking speed may help clinicians create interventions to target primary gait deficits on overground or treadmill walking.
本研究比较了身体健全的成年人在自然速度下与极慢的地面行走速度和跑步机行走速度时的运动学和肌电图（EMG）步态模式。在三种速度（自选速度、0.30米/秒和0.20米/秒）下收集运动学和肌电图数据。对18名受试者的躯干和下肢运动以及五块下肢肌肉的肌电图进行了评估。发现在自然速度与两种较慢步态速度之间，节段运动有显著降低，同时步频和步幅也如预期那样减小。较慢速度下的肌电图模式显示出时间变化和幅度减小。近端肌肉的相位时间变化最大，主要表现为共同激活，而远端肌肉的模式与自然自选速度时保持一致。地面行走与跑步机步态模式显示出极小的差异。考虑较慢行走速度的影响可能有助于临床医生制定干预措施，以针对地面行走或跑步机行走时的主要步态缺陷。
