Mettenleiter Thomas C
Institute of Molecular Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Germany.
Vet Microbiol. 2006 Mar 31;113(3-4):163-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.040. Epub 2005 Dec 5.
Herpes virions are complex particles that consist of more than 30 different virally encoded proteins. The molecular basis of how this complicated structure is assembled is only recently beginning to emerge. After replication in the host cell nucleus viral DNA is incorporated into preformed capsids which leave the nucleus by budding at the inner nuclear membrane resulting in the formation of primary enveloped virions in the perinuclear space. The primary envelope then fuses with the outer leaflet of the nuclear membrane, thereby releasing nucleocapsids into the cytoplasm. Final envelopment including the acquisition of more than 15 tegument and more than 10 envelope (glyco)proteins occurs by budding into Golgi-derived vesicles. Mature virions are released after fusion of the vesicle membrane with the plasma membrane of the cell. Thus, herpesvirus morphogenesis requires a sequence of envelopment--de-envelopment--re-envelopment processes which are distinct not only in the subcellular compartments in which they occur but also in the viral proteins involved. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the complex protein-protein interactions involved in herpesvirus assembly and egress.
疱疹病毒粒子是复杂的颗粒，由30多种不同的病毒编码蛋白组成。这种复杂结构如何组装的分子基础直到最近才开始显现。在宿主细胞核中复制后，病毒DNA被整合到预先形成的衣壳中，衣壳通过在内核膜出芽离开细胞核，导致在核周空间形成初级包膜病毒粒子。初级包膜随后与核膜的外小叶融合，从而将核衣壳释放到细胞质中。最终的包膜形成，包括获得15种以上的被膜蛋白和10种以上的包膜（糖基）蛋白，是通过出芽进入高尔基体衍生的囊泡实现的。成熟病毒粒子在囊泡膜与细胞的质膜融合后释放。因此，疱疹病毒的形态发生需要一系列包膜形成——去包膜——重新包膜的过程，这些过程不仅在发生的亚细胞区室中不同，而且在涉及的病毒蛋白中也不同。本综述总结了我们对疱疹病毒组装和释放过程中复杂的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用的最新认识进展。
