Mihăilescu L
Institute of Neurology and Psychiatry, Bucharest, Romania.
Rom J Neurol Psychiatry. 1992 Jan-Mar;30(1):31-46.
In 10 aphasics (7 Broca's and 3 Wernicke's) of vascular etiology and 10 normal controls, a corpus of 2,500 words was selected in each subject by means of a standard interview. The 10 grammatical classes of the Romanian language were studied. The vocabulary reduction observed in aphasics was produced by the loss of nouns, adjectives and verbs. In exchange, proportionally to their vocabulary, they used more adverbs, pronouns and numerals than the normals. Articles, prepositions and conjunctions showed a similar use with that of the normals. The aphasic patients preserved basic words for each part of speech, the loss of vocabulary operated among the non-basic words. It was revealed by the Token-Type ratio that the verbal creativity was lower in aphasics than in controls. However, in normals as in aphasics verbal creativity was higher in the non-basic words than in the basic ones. The results are discussed by the action of different factors as: the semantic and syntactical constraints, semantic characteristics and syntactical functions proper to each class as well as the influence of the different amounts of words comprised in each grammatical class on the selection of the necessary word.
在10名血管性病因的失语症患者（7名布罗卡失语症患者和3名韦尼克失语症患者）以及10名正常对照者中，通过标准访谈为每位受试者选取了2500个单词的语料库。对罗马尼亚语的10个语法类别进行了研究。在失语症患者中观察到的词汇量减少是由名词、形容词和动词的缺失导致的。作为交换，与他们的词汇量成比例，他们使用副词、代词和数词的频率高于正常人。冠词、介词和连词的使用与正常人相似。失语症患者保留了每个词性的基本词汇，词汇量的减少发生在非基本词汇中。词形-词类比率显示，失语症患者的语言创造力低于对照组。然而，无论是正常人还是失语症患者，非基本词汇的语言创造力都高于基本词汇。通过不同因素的作用对结果进行了讨论，这些因素包括：语义和句法限制、每个类别特有的语义特征和句法功能，以及每个语法类别中包含的不同数量的单词对必要单词选择的影响。
