Glaister Mark, Stone Michael H, Stewart Andrew M, Hughes Michael, Moir Gavin L
Department of Physical Education, Sport, and Leisure Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
J Strength Cond Res. 2005 Nov;19(4):831-7. doi: 10.1519/r-16094.1.
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of recovery duration on various measures of multiple sprint cycling performance. Twenty-five physically active men completed 2 maximal multiple sprint (20 x 5 seconds) cycling tests with contrasting recovery periods (10 or 30 seconds). The mean +/- SD values for age, height, and body mass were 20.6 +/- 1.5 years, 177.2 +/- 5.4 cm, and 78.2 +/- 8.2 kg, respectively. All tests were conducted on a friction-braked cycle ergometer. Longer (30 seconds) recovery periods resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) higher measures of maximum (approximately 4%) and mean (approximately 26%) power output, the former appearing to result from a potentiation effect during the first few sprints. Thirty-second recovery periods also corresponded with significantly lower measures of fatigue (absolute difference: 16.1%; 95% likely range: 14.1-18.2%), heart rate, respiratory exchange ratio, and oxygen uptake. Blood lactate and ratings of perceived exertion (6-20 scale) increased progressively throughout both protocols and were significantly lower with 30-second recovery periods. The results of this study illustrate the considerable influence of recovery duration on various measures of multiple sprint work. Although the precise mechanisms of this response require further investigation, coaches and sport scientists should consider these findings when attempting to develop or evaluate the performance capabilities of athletes involved in multiple sprint sports.
本研究的目的是检验恢复时长对多次冲刺骑行表现的各项指标的影响。25名身体活跃的男性完成了2次最大强度的多次冲刺（20×5秒）骑行测试，恢复时长不同（10秒或30秒）。年龄、身高和体重的均值±标准差分别为20.6±1.5岁、177.2±5.4厘米和78.2±8.2千克。所有测试均在摩擦制动的自行车测力计上进行。更长（30秒）的恢复时长导致最大（约4%）和平均（约26%）功率输出的指标显著更高（p<0.05），前者似乎是由于最初几次冲刺期间的增强效应。30秒的恢复时长还对应着疲劳（绝对差异：16.1%；95%可能范围：14.1 - 18.2%）、心率、呼吸交换率和摄氧量的显著更低指标。在两种方案中，血乳酸和主观用力程度评分（6 - 20分制）均逐渐增加，且30秒恢复时长时显著更低。本研究结果表明恢复时长对多次冲刺运动的各项指标有相当大的影响。尽管这种反应的确切机制需要进一步研究，但教练和运动科学家在试图培养或评估参与多次冲刺运动的运动员的表现能力时应考虑这些发现。
