Kumar Rakesh, Nadig Murali R, Chauhan Anil
Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, E-62, Ansari Nagar (East), New Delhi, 110029, India.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2005 Dec;5(6):1079-94. doi: 10.1586/14737140.5.6.1079.
Positron emission tomography is a functional diagnostic imaging technique, which can accurately measure in vivo distribution of a radiopharmaceutical with high resolution. The ability of positron emission tomography to study various biologic processes opens up new possibilities for both research and day-to-day clinical use. Positron emission tomography has progressed rapidly from being a research technique in laboratories to a routine clinical imaging modality becoming part of armamentarium for the medical profession. The most widely used radiotracer in positron emission tomography is 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), which is an analog of glucose. FDG uptake in cells is directly proportional to glucose metabolism of cells. Since glucose metabolism is increased many fold in malignant tumors, positron emission tomography has a high sensitivity and high negative predictive value. Positron emission tomography with FDG is now the standard of care in initial staging, monitoring the response to therapy and management of lung cancer, colorectal cancer, lymphoma, melanoma, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer and breast cancer. The aim of this article is to review the clinical applications of positron emission tomography in oncology.
正电子发射断层扫描是一种功能性诊断成像技术，它能够以高分辨率精确测量放射性药物在体内的分布。正电子发射断层扫描研究各种生物过程的能力为研究和日常临床应用开辟了新的可能性。正电子发射断层扫描已从实验室中的研究技术迅速发展成为一种常规临床成像方式，成为医疗行业的诊断手段之一。正电子发射断层扫描中使用最广泛的放射性示踪剂是18F-氟-2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖（FDG），它是葡萄糖的类似物。细胞对FDG的摄取与细胞的葡萄糖代谢直接相关。由于恶性肿瘤中的葡萄糖代谢会增加许多倍，正电子发射断层扫描具有高灵敏度和高阴性预测价值。使用FDG的正电子发射断层扫描现在是肺癌、结直肠癌、淋巴瘤、黑色素瘤、食管癌、头颈癌和乳腺癌初始分期、监测治疗反应及管理的标准治疗方法。本文旨在综述正电子发射断层扫描在肿瘤学中的临床应用。
