Winder L, Griffiths G J K, Perry J N, Alexander C J, Holland J M, Kennedy P J, Birt A
Department of Biology, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fuji.
Bull Entomol Res. 2005 Dec;95(6):579-87. doi: 10.1079/ber2005387.
A field-scale study of the spatially explicit interaction between the carabid Poecilus cupreus Linnaeus, and two common aphid species (Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) and Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker)) in winter wheat was conducted. All three species showed considerable spatial pattern at the field scale. Activity-density of P. cupreus was an order of magnitude higher in the central part of the field compared to its periphery. Where P. cupreus activity-density was highest, S. avenae and M. dirhodum population peaks were delayed. Additionally, in the case of M. dirhodum, lower maximum counts were evident where P. cupreus activity-density was highest. An analysis of the movement of individual P. cupreus using release-recapture indicated that those beetles within the centre of the field exhibited reduced displacement, which may have caused the generation or maintenance of spatial pattern. Crop density was also measured throughout the field. Although crop density had no large-scale spatial pattern, its variability at the small-scale was consistent with an influence on aphid population dynamics. This study demonstrates empirically that both large-scale spatially explicit and small-scale localized processes influenced aphid population dynamics simultaneously.
开展了一项田间尺度研究，探究冬小麦田中步甲铜绿婪步甲（Poecilus cupreus Linnaeus）与两种常见蚜虫（麦长管蚜（Sitobion avenae (Fabricius)）和禾谷缢管蚜（Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker)））之间的空间明确相互作用。这三个物种在田间尺度上均表现出显著的空间格局。与田块边缘相比，铜绿婪步甲在田块中部的活动密度高出一个数量级。在铜绿婪步甲活动密度最高的地方，麦长管蚜和禾谷缢管蚜的种群峰值出现延迟。此外，对于禾谷缢管蚜而言，在铜绿婪步甲活动密度最高的地方，其最大数量明显较低。利用标记重捕法对单个铜绿婪步甲的移动进行分析表明，田块中心的那些甲虫位移减少，这可能导致了空间格局的形成或维持。还对整个田块的作物密度进行了测量。尽管作物密度没有大规模的空间格局，但其在小尺度上的变异性与对蚜虫种群动态的影响一致。这项研究通过实证证明，大规模的空间明确过程和小尺度的局部过程同时影响了蚜虫种群动态。
