Crop Research Institute, Group Functional Diversity of Invertebrates and Plants in Agro-Ecosystems, Drnovska, Prague 6-Ruzyne, Czech Republic.
School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 Aug 3;111(4):1751-1759. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy157.
In Central Europe, the most abundant aphid infesting the leaves of small grain cereals is Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Annual variation in its seasonal dynamics was evaluated using a 25-yr series of standardized weekly censuses of winter wheat plots. M. dirhodum made up >50 % of the aphids on the foliage. Date of immigration (8 May-3 July), length of period of population increase (0-9 wk), and date of attaining maximum abundance (28 May-22 July) varied greatly. For the prediction, we regressed maximum numbers/tiller on numbers recorded in the first week after heading. The regression of maximum abundance on nonzero aphid counts revealed a critical number of ≥1.50 aphids/tiller, which if exceeded resulted in a harmful maximum abundance of ≥10 aphids/tiller at the peak. Zero aphid counts resulted in 10% of cases with a harmful maximum abundance. Using this regression for prediction will result in 18% of the recorded cases being false negatives and 9% false positives. Parallel annual variation in the average maximum numbers of M. dirhodum, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Homoptera: Aphididae), and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linné) (Homoptera: Aphididae) indicated the following factors that affected their abundance: temperature in winter and host plant quality. The predictions apply only in areas where M. dirhodum is holocyclic and aphids do not overwinter in wheat stands.
在中欧，为害小粒禾谷类作物叶片的最主要的蚜虫是麦长管蚜（Metopolophium dirhodum（Walker））（同翅目：蚜科）。使用 25 年标准化每周对冬小麦样地的监测数据评估了其季节性动态的年际变化。麦长管蚜在叶片上的蚜虫中占比＞50%。其迁入日期（5 月 8 日至 7 月 3 日）、种群增长期长度（0-9 周）和达到最大丰度日期（5 月 28 日至 7 月 22 日）差异很大。为了进行预测，我们将最大数量/分蘖与抽穗后第一周记录的数量进行了回归。最大丰度与非零蚜虫计数的回归表明，临界数量≥1.50 头/分蘖，如果超过该数量，在高峰时将导致有害的最大丰度≥10 头/分蘖。零蚜虫计数导致 10%的情况下出现有害的最大丰度。使用该回归进行预测将导致 18%的记录情况出现假阴性，9%出现假阳性。麦长管蚜、禾谷缢管蚜（Sitobion avenae（Fabricius））和禾谷缢管蚜（Rhopalosiphum padi（Linné））的平均最大数量的平行年际变化表明，影响其丰度的因素有：冬季温度和寄主植物质量。这些预测仅适用于麦长管蚜为全周期型且蚜虫不在小麦植株中越冬的地区。
