Oedegaard Ketil Joachim, Neckelmann Dag, Fasmer Ole Bernt
Department of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.
J Affect Disord. 2006 Jan;90(1):7-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2005.10.005. Epub 2005 Dec 5.
A relation between the type A behaviour pattern (TABP) and coronary heart disease has been found in many studies and the existence of a psychiatric coronary-prone mood profile has been suggested. TABP consist of fairly stable character traits such as time urgency, impatience, irritability and competitiveness, which in patients with affective disorders could be bipolar traits. The aim of this study was to compare TABP in depressed unipolar and bipolar II patients, and explore the relation between TABP, affective temperaments and migraine headaches, another disorder associated with bipolar II disorder.
The Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) (Form C), a self-report multiple-choice questionnaire designed to measure TABP, was given to 99 patients diagnosed with a DSM-IV major affective disorder. Affective temperaments were diagnosed according to Akiskal's criteria and migraine diagnosed according to the criteria of the International Headache Society. The JAS was scored in the traditional manner, yielding scores for TABP and three factorially independent components, speed and impatiens (factor S), job involvement (factor J) and hard-driving and competitive (factor H).
65 patients diagnosed with a unipolar (n = 42) or bipolar II (n = 23) disorder had valid scores on the JAS. Patients with bipolar II diagnosis had significantly higher JAS scores than the unipolar patients (Wilks' lambda = 0.851, F = 2.62, df = 4, 60, p < 0.05). Type A behaviour differed (total JAS score: mean square 509.3, df = 1, F = 9.4, p < 0.005), mainly due to a divergence in factor S (mean square 465.5, df = 1, F = 6.0, p < 0.02). Higher JAS scores were significantly associated with having a cyclothymic temperament (Wilks' lambda = 0.728, F = 4.30, df = 4, p = 0.005) and lower JAS scores with having a depressive temperament (Wilks' lambda = 0.747, F = 3.13, df = 4, p = 0.026). TABP was not associated with migraine.
Non-blind, cross-sectional assessment of affective disorders and migraine headaches and questionnaire-based type A behaviour assessment.
These results indicate that a well-established questionnaire designed to recognize the type A behaviour pattern, distinguishes depressed unipolar from depressed bipolar II patients as well.
许多研究发现A型行为模式（TABP）与冠心病之间存在关联，并提出了一种易患冠心病的精神性情绪特征的存在。TABP由相当稳定的性格特征组成，如时间紧迫感、不耐烦、易怒和竞争意识，在情感障碍患者中可能是双相特征。本研究的目的是比较单相抑郁和双相II型障碍患者的TABP，并探讨TABP、情感气质与偏头痛（另一种与双相II型障碍相关的疾病）之间的关系。
将詹金斯活动调查表（JAS）（C表），一份用于测量TABP的自填式多项选择题问卷，发放给99名被诊断为DSM-IV重度情感障碍的患者。根据阿基斯卡尔的标准诊断情感气质，根据国际头痛协会的标准诊断偏头痛。JAS采用传统方式评分，得出TABP得分以及三个因子独立的分量得分，即速度和不耐烦（因子S）、工作投入（因子J）以及强硬和竞争（因子H）。
65名被诊断为单相（n = 42）或双相II型（n = 23）障碍的患者在JAS上有有效得分。双相II型障碍诊断的患者JAS得分显著高于单相患者（威尔克斯λ = 0.851，F = 2.62，自由度 = 4, 60，p < 0.05）。A型行为存在差异（JAS总分：均方509.3，自由度 = 1，F = 9.4，p < 0.005），主要是由于因子S的差异（均方465.5，自由度 = 1，F = 6.0，p < 0.02）。较高的JAS得分与环性气质显著相关（威尔克斯λ = 0.728，F = 4.30，自由度 = 4，p = 0.005），较低的JAS得分与抑郁气质相关（威尔克斯λ = 0.747，F = 3.13，自由度 = 4，p = 0.026）。TABP与偏头痛无关。
对情感障碍和偏头痛进行非盲法横断面评估，以及基于问卷的A型行为评估。
这些结果表明，一份用于识别A型行为模式的成熟问卷，也能区分单相抑郁患者和双相II型抑郁患者。
