Plancher Kevin D, Johnston Jack C, Peterson Robert K, Hawkins Richard J
Plancher Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine PLLC, 1160 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10128, USA.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2005 Nov-Dec;14(6):620-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2005.02.022.
The purpose of this study was to define the anatomy and dimensions of the rotator interval (RI). Thirty-two fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were thawed, all external musculature was removed, and coracoid osteotomy was performed to visualize the rotator cuff and RI. The 3 sides of the RI (triangle) were measured in dynamic glenohumeral positions (neutral and 45 degrees external and internal rotation). An arthroscopic posterior portal, without fluid distention, was used to visualize the RI, defects, and glenohumeral pathology. The RI was sectioned, and histologic analysis and thickness measurements were performed. The mean area of the RI was 414.46 mm(2) (95% confidence interval, 362.66-466.22 mm(2)), measured in neutral position. No statistically significant differences were measured between paired right and left shoulders; however, male specimens had a significantly larger base and area than the female specimens. The dimensions of the RI changed with glenohumeral motion. The RI is definable and dynamic with glenohumeral motion. The RI closes down with internal rotation and is opened up with external rotation. This change in the interval supports the idea that, if the arm is held in internal rotation during imbrication of the capsule, overtightening and a resulting loss of external rotation can occur.
本研究的目的是明确旋转间隙（RI）的解剖结构和尺寸。解冻32个新鲜冷冻的尸体肩部，去除所有外部肌肉组织，并进行喙突截骨以观察肩袖和旋转间隙。在动态盂肱关节位置（中立位、外旋45度和内旋45度）测量旋转间隙（三角形）的三边。使用无液体扩张的关节镜后入路观察旋转间隙、缺损和盂肱关节病变。对旋转间隙进行切片，并进行组织学分析和厚度测量。在中立位测量时，旋转间隙的平均面积为414.46平方毫米（95%置信区间，362.66 - 466.22平方毫米）。配对的左右肩部之间未测得统计学上的显著差异；然而，男性标本的底部和面积明显大于女性标本。旋转间隙的尺寸随盂肱关节运动而变化。旋转间隙在盂肱关节运动时是可定义的且具有动态性。旋转间隙在手臂内旋时关闭，在手臂外旋时打开。间隙的这种变化支持了这样一种观点，即如果在缝合关节囊时手臂保持在内旋位，可能会出现过度收紧并导致外旋丧失。
