Gureje O, Obikoya B, Ikuesan B A
Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1992 Jun;30(2):163-7. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(92)90021-4.
A two-stage epidemiological survey was conducted in an urban walk-in clinic in Nigeria to detect, among other disorders, the prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence using DMS-IIIR criteria. At the first stage, respondents were administered the 12-item General Health Questionnaire and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). A proportion of the respondents were selected for detailed interview at the second stage using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). An estimated 1.7% of this sample met the criteria for alcohol abuse or dependence. All the identified cases were males, thus giving an estimated prevalence of 5.2% in males. In this setting, the AUDIT performed poorly as a screening instrument. It has a sensitivity of 32% but a specificity of 93%. Apart from reasons relating to the low base rates of the disorders under investigation, cultural factors influencing the ways alcohol use are perceived may explain this poor performance.
在尼日利亚的一家城市无预约诊所进行了一项两阶段的流行病学调查，以使用《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订版（DMS-IIIR）标准检测除其他疾病外的酒精滥用和依赖的患病率。在第一阶段，对受访者进行了12项一般健康问卷和酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）。在第二阶段，使用综合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）选择了一部分受访者进行详细访谈。该样本中估计有1.7%符合酒精滥用或依赖的标准。所有确诊病例均为男性，因此男性的估计患病率为5.2%。在这种情况下，AUDIT作为一种筛查工具表现不佳。它的敏感性为32%，但特异性为93%。除了与所调查疾病的低基础率相关的原因外，影响酒精使用认知方式的文化因素可能解释了这种不佳表现。
