Bell David R, Gochenaur Kristen
Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 2101 Coliseum Blvd. East, Fort Wayne, 46805-1499, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2006 Apr;100(4):1164-70. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00626.2005. Epub 2005 Dec 8.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in the impairment of nitric oxide-mediated vascular functions and overall pathogenesis associated with cardiovascular disease. Plant pigment anthocyanins are exceptionally potent oxygen radical scavengers that produce beneficial effects in diseases outside the cardiovascular system. We examined for the first time the potential coronary vasoactive and vasoprotective properties of three anthocyanin enhanced extracts prepared from chokeberry (Ck), bilberry (B), or elderberry (E). Coronary arterial rings were isolated from 64 pigs and incubated in sterile tissue culture media overnight for use in one of four separate in vitro isometric force recording studies. Ck and B, but not E, produced dose- and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. (%maximal relaxation at 5 mg total anthocyanins per liter: Ck = 68 +/- 11, B = 59 +/- 10). Coronary vascular tone, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation to A23187, and vasorelaxation to DEA NONOate were not affected by exposure of rings to any extract at 0.05 mg total anthocyanins per liter for 5 or 30 min. Ck extract at 0.05 mg total anthocyanins per liter showed the greatest protection against loss of A23187 relaxation following exposure to ROS from pyrogallol (Ck, % maximal relaxation and -logED50 to A23187, respectively, means +/- SE: Ck alone, 93 +/- 5%, 7.91 +/- 0.1; pyrogallol alone, 76 +/- 7%, 7.46 +/- 0.06; pyrogallol + Ck, 98 +/- 1%, 7.82 +/- 0.06; control: 99 +/- 1%, 7.86 +/- 0.07; P < 0.05 control vs. pyrogallol alone). Neither the extracts nor pyrogallol affected responses to DEA NONOate. Thus anthocyanin-enhanced extracts produce endothelium-dependent relaxation in porcine coronary arteries. Extract concentrations too low to directly alter coronary vascular tone protect coronary arteries from ROS without altering vasorelaxation to endogenous or exogenous NO. These results suggest that such extracts could have significant beneficial effects in vascular disease.
活性氧（ROS）在一氧化氮介导的血管功能损害以及与心血管疾病相关的整体发病机制中起关键作用。植物色素花青素是特别有效的氧自由基清除剂，在心血管系统以外的疾病中产生有益作用。我们首次研究了从黑果腺肋花楸（Ck）、越橘（B）或接骨木果（E）制备的三种花青素强化提取物的潜在冠状动脉血管活性和血管保护特性。从64头猪中分离出冠状动脉环，并在无菌组织培养基中孵育过夜，用于四项单独的体外等长力记录研究之一。Ck和B，但不是E，产生剂量和内皮依赖性血管舒张。（每升总花青素5毫克时的最大舒张百分比：Ck = 68 +/- 11，B = 59 +/- 10）。每升总花青素0.05毫克的提取物处理环5或30分钟，对冠状动脉血管张力、对A23187的内皮依赖性血管舒张以及对DEA NONOate的血管舒张均无影响。每升总花青素0.05毫克的Ck提取物在暴露于来自连苯三酚的ROS后，对A23187舒张丧失的保护作用最大（Ck对A23187的最大舒张百分比和-logED50，分别为平均值 +/- 标准误：单独Ck，93 +/- 5%，7.91 +/- 0.1；单独连苯三酚，76 +/- 7%，7.46 +/- 0.06；连苯三酚 + Ck，98 +/- 1%，7.82 +/- 0.06；对照：99 +/- 1%，7.86 +/- 0.07；P < 0.05，对照与单独连苯三酚相比）。提取物和连苯三酚均不影响对DEA NONOate的反应。因此，花青素强化提取物在猪冠状动脉中产生内皮依赖性舒张。浓度过低无法直接改变冠状动脉血管张力的提取物可保护冠状动脉免受ROS影响，而不改变对内源性或外源性NO的血管舒张。这些结果表明，此类提取物在血管疾病中可能具有显著的有益作用。
