Doessel Darrel P, Scheurer Roman W, Chant David C, Whiteford Harvey A
School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2005 Nov-Dec;39(11-12):989-94. doi: 10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01702.x.
To determine the role of the National Mental Health Strategy in the deinstitutionalization of patients in psychiatric hospitals in Queensland.
Regression analysis (using the maximum likelihood method) has been applied to relevant time-series datasets on public psychiatric institutions in Queensland. In particular, data on both patients and admissions per 10 000 population are analysed in detail from 1953-54 to the present, although data are presented from 1883-84.
These Queensland data indicate that deinstitutionalization was a continuing process from the 1950s to the present. However, it is clear that the experience varied from period to period. For example, the fastest change (in both patients and admissions) took place in the period 1953-54 to 1973-74, followed by the period 1974-75 to 1984-85.
In large part, the two policies associated with deinstitutionalization, namely a discharge policy ('opening the back door') and an admission policy ('closing the front door') had been implemented before the advent of the National Mental Health Strategy in January 1993. Deinstitutionalization was most rapid in the 30-year period to the early 1980s: the process continued in the 1990s, but at a much slower rate. Deinstitutionalization was, in large part, over before the Strategy was developed and implemented.
确定《国家精神卫生战略》在昆士兰州精神病院患者非机构化进程中的作用。
回归分析（采用最大似然法）已应用于昆士兰州公立精神病机构的相关时间序列数据集。特别是，详细分析了1953 - 1954年至目前每10000人口的患者和入院数据，不过数据展示从1883 - 1884年开始。
昆士兰州的数据表明，非机构化是从20世纪50年代到现在的一个持续过程。然而，很明显不同时期的情况有所不同。例如，（患者和入院人数方面）变化最快的时期是1953 - 1954年至1973 - 1974年，其次是1974 - 1975年至1984 - 1985年。
在很大程度上，与非机构化相关的两项政策，即出院政策（“打开后门”）和入院政策（“关闭前门”）在1993年1月《国家精神卫生战略》出台之前就已实施。到20世纪80年代初的30年里，非机构化进程最为迅速：该进程在20世纪90年代仍在继续，但速度要慢得多。在该战略制定和实施之前，非机构化在很大程度上已经完成。
