University Biotechnology Program and Department of Poultry Science and Electron Microscopy Center and Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Jun;56(6):1509-15. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.6.1509-1515.1990.
A feather-degrading culture was enriched with isolates from a poultry waste digestor and adapted to grow with feathers as its primary source of carbon, sulfur, and energy. Subsequently, a feather-hydrolytic, endospore-forming, motile, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the feather-degrading culture. The organism was Gram stain variable and catalase positive and demonstrated facultative growth at thermophilic temperatures. The optimum rate of growth in nutrient broth occurred at 45 to 50 degrees C and at pH 7.5. Electron microscopy of the isolate showed internal crystals. The microorganism was identified as Bacillus licheniformis PWD-1. Growth on hammer-milled-feather medium of various substrate concentrations was determined by plate colony count. Maximum growth (approximately 10 cells per ml) at 50 degrees C occurred 5 days postinoculation on 1% feather substrate. Feather hydrolysis was evidenced as free amino acids produced in the medium. The most efficient conditions for feather fermentation occurred during the incubation of 1 part feathers to 2 parts B. licheniformis PWD-1 culture (10 cells per ml) for 6 days at 50 degrees C. These data indicate a potential biotechnique for degradation and utilization of feather keratin.
从家禽废物消化器中分离出的菌株富集了一种羽毛降解培养物，并适应以羽毛为主要碳源、硫源和能源生长。随后，从羽毛降解培养物中分离出一种羽毛水解、内生孢子形成、能动、杆状细菌。该生物革兰氏染色可变，过氧化氢酶阳性，在嗜热温度下表现出兼性生长。在营养肉汤中的最佳生长速率发生在 45 到 50 摄氏度和 pH7.5。该分离物的电子显微镜显示内部有晶体。该微生物被鉴定为地衣芽孢杆菌 PWD-1。通过平板菌落计数法测定了各种基质浓度的锤磨羽毛培养基上的生长情况。在 50°C 下接种后 5 天，1%羽毛基质上的最大生长量（约 10 个细胞/ml）。在培养基中产生游离氨基酸证明了羽毛水解。羽毛发酵的最有效条件是在 50°C 下孵育 1 份羽毛和 2 份地衣芽孢杆菌 PWD-1 培养物（每毫升 10 个细胞）6 天。这些数据表明了一种潜在的羽毛角蛋白降解和利用的生物技术。
