Meyer J S, Sherlock J D, Macdonald N R
Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1992 May-Jun;14(3):183-9. doi: 10.1016/0892-0362(92)90014-2.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prenatal cocaine treatment on behavioral responsivity to a cocaine challenge on postnatal day (PD) 11. Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were injected s.c. with 40 mg/kg/day of cocaine (20 mg/kg twice daily) from gestational day 11 to 20. Saline-control females received saline injections and were pair-fed to the cocaine-treated females, whereas untreated-control females were undisturbed and were fed ad lib. Litters were culled to eight pups on PD1 and fostered to normal lactating dams. On PD 11, subjects were given either saline or cocaine (1.25, 2.5, or 5.0 mg/kg s.c.) and then tested 15 min later for isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations and other behaviors. Prenatal cocaine-treated pups showed a reduced sensitivity to the stimulating effect of postnatal cocaine on wall climbing, which may reflect an underlying alteration in central dopaminergic and/or noradrenergic systems. Most of the other behaviors studied, including ultrasonic vocalizations, were unaffected by prenatal cocaine administration. However, one other notable finding was an increase in postnatal mortality among the cocaine-exposed pups. We hypothesize that prenatal cocaine treatment may alter pup behavior so as to produce abnormal maternal-offspring interactions and impaired development in some individuals.
本研究的目的是调查产前给予可卡因对出生后第11天（PD11）可卡因激发试验行为反应性的影响。对妊娠定时的斯普拉格-道利大鼠，从妊娠第11天至20天，每天皮下注射40mg/kg可卡因（20mg/kg，每日两次）。生理盐水对照雌性大鼠接受生理盐水注射，并与可卡因处理的雌性大鼠配对喂食，而未处理对照雌性大鼠不受干扰，自由采食。在出生后第1天（PD1）将窝仔数减少至8只幼崽，并寄养给正常泌乳的母鼠。在PD11时，给受试动物注射生理盐水或可卡因（1.25、2.5或5.0mg/kg，皮下注射），然后在15分钟后测试隔离诱导的超声波发声和其他行为。产前接受可卡因处理的幼崽对出生后可卡因对爬壁的刺激作用敏感性降低，这可能反映了中枢多巴胺能和/或去甲肾上腺素能系统的潜在改变。所研究的大多数其他行为，包括超声波发声，均不受产前给予可卡因的影响。然而，另一个值得注意的发现是，暴露于可卡因的幼崽出生后死亡率增加。我们推测，产前给予可卡因可能会改变幼崽行为，从而导致一些个体出现异常的母婴互动和发育受损。
