Meyer J S, Robinson P, Todtenkopf M S
Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1994 Mar-Apr;16(2):193-9. doi: 10.1016/0892-0362(94)90117-1.
This study examined the influence of prenatal cocaine on subsequent cataleptic responses to the dopamine (DA) receptor antagonist haloperidol. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were given daily injections of 40 mg/kg cocaine HCl SC from gestational day 8 to 20. Control animals were either uninjected and fed ad lib or saline-injected and pair-fed to the cocaine dams. On postnatal day (PD) 1, litters were culled to eight (sex-balanced if possible) and fostered to surrogate mothers. On PD 10 and PD 15, one male and one female from each litter were injected SC with 1 mg/kg haloperidol or vehicle. Each pup was tested for catalepsy 1 h later by placing its forepaws on an elevated, horizontally oriented dowel rod and recording the latency to remove at least one paw from the dowel. On PD 10 but not PD 15, haloperidol administration produced significantly less catalepsy in the cocaine-exposed subjects than in the untreated controls. No other group differences were observed. These results suggest that prenatal cocaine may alter either the DA system or any of several other neurotransmitters known to influence neuroleptic-induced catalepsy.
本研究考察了产前接触可卡因对随后对多巴胺（DA）受体拮抗剂氟哌啶醇的僵住反应的影响。从妊娠第8天至第20天，给怀孕的斯普拉格-道利大鼠每日皮下注射40mg/kg盐酸可卡因。对照动物要么不注射，随意进食，要么注射生理盐水，并与注射可卡因的母鼠配对喂食。在出生后第1天（PD1），将每窝幼崽数量减至8只（如果可能，性别均衡），并寄养给代孕母鼠。在PD10和PD15时，从每窝中选取一只雄性和一只雌性幼崽，皮下注射1mg/kg氟哌啶醇或溶剂。1小时后，通过将每只幼崽的前爪放在一根抬高的水平定向木钉上，并记录至少有一只爪子从木钉上移开的潜伏期，来测试每只幼崽的僵住情况。在PD10时，与未处理的对照组相比，给予氟哌啶醇后，接触可卡因的幼崽产生的僵住反应明显较少。在PD15时未观察到其他组间差异。这些结果表明，产前接触可卡因可能会改变DA系统或已知影响抗精神病药物诱导的僵住反应的其他几种神经递质中的任何一种。
