Ersek M
University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 1992 Jul;19(6):883-9.
The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the processes of hoping in adults undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for leukemia. Grounded theory methodology was used to elicit the experience of hoping in 10 men and 10 women, ages 20-58, who had undergone BMT. The central process described by participants was that of maintaining hope. The core categories used to describe this process were Dealing With It and Keeping It in Its Place. Dealing With It is defined as the process of confronting the negative possibilities inherent in the illness experience and allowing the full range of thoughts, behaviors, and emotions resulting from this confrontation. Keeping It in Its Place is defined as the process of managing the impact of the illness by controlling or limiting one's response to the disease and therapy. The relationship between these two contradictory core categories is explained by The Dialectic of Maintaining Hope. This dialectic is defined as the synthesis of the antithetical strategies of Dealing With It and Keeping It in Its Place in which people are able to transcend each strategy and sustain hope. The findings provide a nascent, explanatory model and information for nurses regarding an important adaptive process.
这项定性研究的目的是探索成年白血病患者在接受骨髓移植（BMT）过程中的希望历程。采用扎根理论方法，以了解10名年龄在20至58岁之间、接受过骨髓移植的男性和10名女性的希望体验。参与者描述的核心过程是保持希望。用于描述这一过程的核心类别是“应对它”和“将其置于适当位置”。“应对它”被定义为面对疾病经历中固有的负面可能性，并允许这种对抗所产生的各种思想、行为和情绪的过程。“将其置于适当位置”被定义为通过控制或限制自己对疾病和治疗的反应来管理疾病影响的过程。这两个相互矛盾的核心类别之间的关系由“保持希望的辩证法”来解释。这种辩证法被定义为“应对它”和“将其置于适当位置”这两种对立策略的综合，通过这种综合，人们能够超越每种策略并维持希望。这些发现为护士提供了一个关于重要适应过程的初步解释模型和信息。
