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三种鸡品种对宰前束缚和急性热应激的行为及生理反应

Behavioural and physiological responses of three chicken breeds to pre-slaughter shackling and acute heat stress.

作者信息

Debut M, Berri C, Arnould C, Guemené D, Santé-Lhoutellier V, Sellier N, Baéza E, Jehl N, Jégo Y, Beaumont C, Le Bihan-Duval E

机构信息

Station de Recherches Avicoles, INRA, Nouzilly, France.

出版信息

Br Poult Sci. 2005 Oct;46(5):527-35. doi: 10.1080/00071660500303032.

DOI:10.1080/00071660500303032
PMID:16359104
Abstract
  1. The aim of this study was to compare the behavioural and physiological responses to hanging and acute heat stress in three different chicken breeds. Chicks were obtained from a slow-growing French 'Label Rouge' line (SGL), a fast-growing standard line (FGL) and a heavy line (HL). The SGL, FGL and HL birds were slaughtered at their respective market ages of 12, 6 and 6 weeks, in an attempt to achieve similar body weights. Before stunning, birds were either shackled by their legs on the moving line for 2 min (shackling stress: SH) or placed in a room at 35 degrees C and 60% of humidity for 3.5 h and then shackled for 2 min (acute heat stress plus shackling: H + SH) or subjected to minimal stress by shackling for 10 s before stunning (control group: C). 2. Bird physiological responses to the three pre-slaughter treatments were estimated by measuring blood corticosterone, glycaemia, creatine kinase activity, acid-base status and electrolyte concentration as well as lactate content and glycolytic potential in the breast (Pectoralis major) and thigh (Ilio tibialis) muscles. Behavioural responses to shackling stress were evaluated by measuring wing flapping duration, straightening up attempts and vocalisations. 3. Blood corticosterone was higher in SH and H+SH groups than in the C group, regardless of genotype. The struggling activity on the shackle line differed among chicken breeds. It was more intense and occurred more rapidly after hanging in the SGL birds than in both other breeds. Furthermore, SGL struggling activity was not affected by hanging duration while it increased with hanging duration in FGL and HL birds. 4. Wing flapping duration was negatively correlated with blood pH, bicarbonate concentration and positively correlated with breast muscle lactate content, indicating that struggling stimulated antemortem glycolysis activity in breast muscle. Acute heat stress affected blood Ca2+ and Na+ concentration and increased glycaemia and glycolytic potential of thigh muscle. 5. Both acute heat stress and shackling before slaughter were experienced as stressful events by all types of birds.
摘要
  1. 本研究的目的是比较三种不同鸡品种对倒挂和急性热应激的行为及生理反应。雏鸡取自生长缓慢的法国“Label Rouge”品系(SGL)、生长快速的标准品系(FGL)和重型品系(HL)。SGL、FGL和HL的鸡分别在各自12周、6周和6周的上市年龄屠宰,以试图达到相似的体重。在致昏前,鸡要么在移动线上用腿束缚2分钟(束缚应激:SH),要么置于35摄氏度、湿度60%的房间中3.5小时,然后束缚2分钟(急性热应激加束缚:H + SH),要么在致昏前通过束缚10秒施加最小应激(对照组:C)。2. 通过测量血液皮质酮、血糖、肌酸激酶活性、酸碱状态和电解质浓度以及胸肌(胸大肌)和大腿肌(髂胫肌)中的乳酸含量和糖酵解潜能,评估鸡对三种宰前处理的生理反应。通过测量扑翅持续时间、伸直身体的尝试次数和鸣叫,评估对束缚应激的行为反应。3. 无论基因型如何,SH组和H + SH组的血液皮质酮均高于C组。束缚线上的挣扎活动在鸡品种间存在差异。SGL鸡倒挂后比其他两个品种的挣扎更激烈且发生得更快。此外,SGL的挣扎活动不受倒挂持续时间的影响,而FGL和HL鸡的挣扎活动随倒挂持续时间增加。4. 扑翅持续时间与血液pH值、碳酸氢盐浓度呈负相关,与胸肌乳酸含量呈正相关,表明挣扎刺激了宰前胸肌的糖酵解活性。急性热应激影响血液Ca2 +和Na +浓度,并增加了大腿肌的血糖和糖酵解潜能。5. 急性热应激和宰前束缚对所有类型的鸡来说都是应激事件。

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