Bonnefous Claire, Collin Anne, Guilloteau Laurence A, Germain Karine, Ravon Laure, Bordeau Thierry, Chartrin Pascal, Godet Estelle, Cailleau-Audouin Estelle, Couroussé Nathalie, Raynaud Emilie, Mignon Sandrine V, Reverchon Maxime, Mattioli Simona, Castellini Cesare, Angelucci Elisa, Guesdon Vanessa, Calandreau Ludovic, Berri Cécile, Le Bihan-Duval Elisabeth
INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
Department of Livestock Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Ackerstrasse 113, 5070, Frick, Switzerland.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):30854. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81672-9.
Chicken meat production in organic systems involves free-range access where animals can express foraging and locomotor behaviours. These behaviours may promote outdoor feed intake, but at the same time energy expenditure when exploring the outdoor area. More generally, the relationship of range use with metabolism, welfare including health, growth performance and meat quality needs to be better understood. We studied four strains of intermediate (JA757) to slow-growing (S757N, White Bresse and a dual-purpose strain) meat-type chickens with outdoor access. We selected 25 males high- (HR) and low-rangers (LR) per strain. Only in JA757, HR exhibited lower body weight before range access, which may have predisposed them to use the range more. Carcass weight and/or carcass yield were significantly lower in HR compared to LR, showing a negative trade-off between range use and growth performance in all strains. Breast meat yellowness was higher in HR compared to LR in JA757 and the dual-purpose strain, probably due to carotenoids intake from the grass. No relationship between range use and welfare indicators at slaughter was reported whatever the strain. Chicken metabolism differed by range use as HR and LR diverged for blood biomarkers of oxidative and metabolic status, immune and inflammatory system response.
有机养殖系统中的鸡肉生产涉及放养模式，在此模式下，动物可以表现出觅食和运动行为。这些行为可能会促进户外采食量，但同时在探索户外区域时也会消耗能量。更普遍地说，需要更好地理解活动范围的利用与新陈代谢、包括健康在内的福利、生长性能和肉质之间的关系。我们研究了四种具有户外活动空间的肉用鸡，品种从生长速度中等（JA757）到生长缓慢（S757N、白布雷斯鸡和一个兼用型品种）。我们为每个品种挑选了25只高活动范围（HR）和低活动范围（LR）的雄性鸡。仅在JA757中，高活动范围的鸡在开始户外活动前体重较低，这可能使它们更倾向于使用活动范围。与低活动范围的鸡相比，高活动范围的鸡的胴体重和/或胴体产量显著更低，这表明在所有品种中，活动范围的利用与生长性能之间存在负相关。在JA757和兼用型品种中，高活动范围的鸡胸肉黄度高于低活动范围的鸡，这可能是由于从草中摄取了类胡萝卜素。无论品种如何，均未发现活动范围的利用与屠宰时的福利指标之间存在关联。鸡的新陈代谢因活动范围的利用情况而异，因为高活动范围和低活动范围的鸡在氧化和代谢状态、免疫和炎症系统反应的血液生物标志物方面存在差异。
