Tanner-Smith Emily E
Department of Sociology, VU Station B Box 351811, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN 37235-1811, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006 Jul 27;83(3):247-54. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.11.016. Epub 2005 Dec 20.
This study examined the pharmacological content of tablets sold as ecstasy, the variation of tablet content by geographic region, and change in tablet content between 1999 and 2005.
The sample was comprised of tablets anonymously submitted for laboratory testing between 1999 and 2005 (n=1214). Tablet height, width, geographic region, and year of submission were all used to predict the pharmacological content of the tablets.
Overall, 39% of the tablets were comprised of MDMA only, 46% only contained substances other than MDMA and 15% were mixtures of MDMA and other substances. Tablet height and width were inversely related to tablet purity. Ecstasy tablets from California and Florida had decreased likelihoods of containing non-MDMA substances. The purity of tablets decreased over time, which was largely a result of an increasing number of tablets comprised of MDMA along with other substances.
Ecstasy users may be putting themselves at increased risk of substance-induced anxiety, mood, and psychotic disorders by unknowingly ingesting substances other than MDMA. To decrease detrimental health effects, prevention programs should emphasize the impurity of ecstasy tablets and focus on the health impacts of these substances, particularly for populations at high-risk of substance-induced disorders.
本研究调查了作为摇头丸出售的片剂的药理成分、片剂成分在不同地理区域的差异以及1999年至2005年间片剂成分的变化。
样本包括1999年至2005年间匿名提交进行实验室检测的片剂（n = 1214）。片剂的高度、宽度、地理区域和提交年份均用于预测片剂的药理成分。
总体而言，39%的片剂仅含有摇头丸，46%仅含有摇头丸以外的物质，15%是摇头丸与其他物质的混合物。片剂的高度和宽度与片剂纯度呈负相关。来自加利福尼亚州和佛罗里达州的摇头丸片剂含有非摇头丸物质的可能性较低。随着时间的推移，片剂的纯度下降，这主要是由于含有摇头丸及其他物质的片剂数量增加所致。
摇头丸使用者可能因在不知情的情况下摄入摇头丸以外的物质而使自己面临物质所致焦虑、情绪和精神障碍风险增加。为减少对健康的有害影响，预防项目应强调摇头丸片剂的不纯性，并关注这些物质对健康的影响，特别是对物质所致障碍高危人群的影响。
