Yeh Chi-Tai, Yen Gow-Chin
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
J Nutr. 2006 Jan;136(1):11-5. doi: 10.1093/jn/136.1.11.
Phenolic acids are widespread in plant foods; they contain important biological and pharmacological properties, some of which were shown to be effective in preventing cancer. We investigated the modulatory effects of phenolic acids on an antioxidant system in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were orally administrated gentisic acid (GEA), gallic acid (GA), ferulic acid (FA), and p-coumaric acid (p-CA) at a dosage of 100 mg/kg body weight for 14 consecutive days. At this dose, the activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase were greater after administration of all 4 phenolic acids compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The activities of these enzymes in the small intestine of rats were also significantly greater after GA and p-CA treatment compared with controls. The changes in hepatic CuZnSOD, GPx, and catalase mRNA levels induced by phenolic acids were similar to those noted in the enzyme activities. Oxidized glutathione levels were lower (P < 0.05) in the liver of all phenolic acid-supplemented rats, whereas reduced glutathione was markedly higher than in control rats, especially after administration of GA and p-CA. The liver homogenates obtained from rats that had been administered phenolic acids had higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity than those obtained from control rats. Immunoblot analysis revealed an increased total level of Nrf2, a transcription factor governing the antioxidant response element in phenolic acid-supplemented rats. Phenolic acid-mediated antioxidant enzyme expression was accompanied by upregulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein Mrp3. These experiments show that modulation of phase II antioxidant enzymes and oxidative status in the liver by phenolic acids may play an important role in the protection against adverse effects related to mutagenesis and oxidative damage.
酚酸广泛存在于植物性食物中；它们具有重要的生物学和药理学特性，其中一些已被证明对预防癌症有效。我们研究了酚酸对雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠抗氧化系统的调节作用。大鼠连续14天口服剂量为100 mg/kg体重的龙胆酸（GEA）、没食子酸（GA）、阿魏酸（FA）和对香豆酸（p-CA）。在此剂量下，与对照组相比，所有4种酚酸给药后肝脏超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和过氧化氢酶的活性均更高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，GA和p-CA处理后大鼠小肠中这些酶的活性也显著更高。酚酸诱导的肝脏CuZnSOD、GPx和过氧化氢酶mRNA水平的变化与酶活性的变化相似。所有补充酚酸的大鼠肝脏中氧化型谷胱甘肽水平较低（P<0.05），而还原型谷胱甘肽明显高于对照大鼠，尤其是在给予GA和p-CA后。从给予酚酸的大鼠获得的肝脏匀浆比从对照大鼠获得的肝脏匀浆具有更高的氧自由基吸收能力。免疫印迹分析显示，在补充酚酸的大鼠中，一种控制抗氧化反应元件的转录因子Nrf2的总水平增加。酚酸介导的抗氧化酶表达伴随着多药耐药相关蛋白Mrp3的上调。这些实验表明，酚酸对肝脏II期抗氧化酶和氧化状态的调节可能在预防与诱变和氧化损伤相关的不良反应中起重要作用。
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