Zhang Shuze, Wang Chang'an, Liu Siyuan, Wang Yaling, Lu Shaoxia, Han Shicheng, Jiang Haibo, Liu Hongbai, Yang Yuhong
Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China.
College of Animal Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Mar 7;10:1008822. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1008822. eCollection 2023.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of phenylalanine on the growth, digestive capacity, antioxidant capability, and intestinal health of triploid rainbow trout () fed a low fish meal diet (15%). Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with different dietary phenylalanine levels (1.82, 2.03, 2.29, 2.64, and 3.01%) were fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish (initial mean body weight of 36.76 ± 3.13 g). The weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly lower ( < 0.05) in the 3.01% group. The trypsin activity in the 2.03% group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( < 0.05). Amylase activity peaked in the 2.64% treatment group. Serum superoxide dismutase, catalase, and lysozyme had the highest values in the 2.03% treatment group. Liver superoxide dismutase and catalase reached their maximum values in the 2.03% treatment group, and lysozyme had the highest value in the 2.29% treatment group. Malondialdehyde levels in both the liver and serum were at their lowest in the 2.29% treatment group. Interleukin factors IL-1β and IL-6 both reached a minimum in the 2.03% group and were significantly lower than in the control group, while IL-10 reached a maximum in the 2.03% group ( < 0.05). The tight junction protein-related genes occludin, claudin-1, and ZO-1 all attained their highest levels in the 2.03% treatment group and were significantly higher compared to the control group ( < 0.05). The intestinal villi length and muscle layer thickness were also improved in the 2.03% group ( < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary phenylalanine effectively improved the growth, digestion, absorption capacity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of . Using a quadratic curve model analysis based on WGR, the dietary phenylalanine requirement of triploid fed a low fish meal diet (15%) was 2.13%.
本研究旨在探讨苯丙氨酸对投喂低鱼粉日粮（15%）的三倍体虹鳟生长、消化能力、抗氧化能力及肠道健康的影响。将五种不同日粮苯丙氨酸水平（1.82%、2.03%、2.29%、2.64%和3.01%）的等氮等能日粮投喂给每组20尾鱼的三个重复组（初始平均体重为36.76±3.13克）。3.01%组的增重率和特定生长率显著较低（P<0.05）。2.03%组的胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。淀粉酶活性在2.64%处理组达到峰值。血清超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和溶菌酶在2.03%处理组的值最高。肝脏超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶在2.03%处理组达到最大值，溶菌酶在2.29%处理组的值最高。肝脏和血清中的丙二醛水平在2.29%处理组均最低。白细胞介素因子IL-1β和IL-6在2.03%组均降至最低，且显著低于对照组，而IL-10在2.03%组达到最高（P<0.05）。紧密连接蛋白相关基因occludin、claudin-1和ZO-1在2.03%处理组均达到最高水平，且与对照组相比显著更高（P<0.05）。2.03%组的肠道绒毛长度和肌层厚度也有所改善（P<0.05）。综上所述，日粮苯丙氨酸有效改善了三倍体虹鳟的生长、消化、吸收能力、抗氧化能力及肠道健康。基于增重率采用二次曲线模型分析，投喂低鱼粉日粮（15%）的三倍体虹鳟日粮苯丙氨酸需求量为2.13%。
