Kumar Sandeep
Raman Research Institute, Sadashivanagar, Bangalore, India.
Chem Soc Rev. 2006 Jan;35(1):83-109. doi: 10.1039/b506619k. Epub 2005 Nov 21.
The hierarchical self-assembly of disc-shaped molecules leads to the formation of discotic liquid crystals. These materials are of fundamental importance not only as models for the study of energy and charge migration in self-organized systems but also as functional materials for device applications such as, one-dimensional conductors, photoconductors, light emitting diodes, photovoltaic solar cells, field-effect transistors and gas sensors. The negative birefringence films formed by polymerized nematic discotic liquid crystals have been commercialized as compensation foils to enlarge the viewing angle of commonly used twisted nematic liquid crystal displays. To date the number of discotic liquid crystals derived from more than 50 different cores comes to about 3000. This critical review describes, after an in-depth introduction, recent advances in basic design principles and synthetic approaches towards the preparation of most frequently encountered discotic liquid crystals.
盘状分子的分级自组装导致了盘状液晶的形成。这些材料不仅作为研究自组织系统中能量和电荷迁移的模型具有重要的基础意义，而且作为诸如一维导体、光电导体、发光二极管、光伏太阳能电池、场效应晶体管和气体传感器等器件应用的功能材料也具有重要意义。由聚合向列相盘状液晶形成的负双折射薄膜已作为补偿箔商业化，以扩大常用扭曲向列型液晶显示器的视角。迄今为止，源自50多种不同核心的盘状液晶数量约为3000种。这篇综述在深入介绍之后，描述了制备最常见盘状液晶的基本设计原理和合成方法的最新进展。
