罗塞托效应：死亡率的50年比较
The Roseto effect: a 50-year comparison of mortality rates.
作者信息
Egolf B, Lasker J, Wolf S, Potvin L
机构信息
Center for Social Research, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa. 18105.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1992 Aug;82(8):1089-92. doi: 10.2105/ajph.82.8.1089.
OBJECTIVES
Earlier studies found striking differences in mortality from myocardial infarction between Roseto, a homogeneous Italian-American community in Pennsylvania, and other nearby towns between 1955 and 1965. These differences disappeared as Roseto became more "Americanized" in the 1960s. The present study extended the comparison over a longer period of time to test the hypothesis that the findings from this period were not due to random fluctuations in small communities.
METHODS
We examined death certificates for Roseto and Bangor from 1935 to 1985. Age-standardized death rates and mortality ratios were computed for each decade.
RESULTS
Rosetans had a lower mortality rate from myocardial infarction over the course of the first 30 years, but it rose to the level of Bangor's following a period of erosion of traditionally cohesive family and community relationships. This mortality-rate increase involved mainly younger Rosetan men and elderly women.
CONCLUSIONS
The data confirmed the existence of consistent mortality differences between Roseto and Bangor during a time when there were many indicators of greater social solidarity and homogeneity in Roseto.
目的
早期研究发现，20世纪50年代至60年代，宾夕法尼亚州一个同质化的意大利裔美国人社区罗塞托与附近其他城镇在心肌梗死死亡率方面存在显著差异。随着罗塞托在20世纪60年代变得更加“美国化”，这些差异消失了。本研究将比较时间延长，以检验这一时期的研究结果并非由于小社区的随机波动这一假设。
方法
我们查阅了罗塞托和班戈1935年至1985年的死亡证明。计算了每十年的年龄标准化死亡率和死亡率比。
结果
在前30年中，罗塞托居民的心肌梗死死亡率较低，但在传统紧密的家庭和社区关系受到侵蚀之后，该死亡率上升至班戈的水平。死亡率上升主要涉及罗塞托较年轻的男性和老年女性。
结论
数据证实，在罗塞托有许多社会团结和同质化程度更高的指标的时期，罗塞托和班戈之间存在持续的死亡率差异。
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