Lafferty Moira E, Dorrell Kate
Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chester, Chester, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2006 Mar;24(3):253-9. doi: 10.1080/17461390500188702.
This study examines how national junior age group swimmers cope with poor performance and explores whether coping strategy use changes with perceptions of parental support. One hundred and four junior age group swimmers (mean age 14.2 years) completed a modified version of the COPE scale (Crocker & Issack, 1997) and the perceptions of Perceived Parental Support Scale (Van Yperen, 1995). Results showed that the swimmers in this sample used a mixture of behavioural and cognitive strategies with an emphasis upon individual or internally focused approaches. When analysing coping strategies and perceptions of parental support (high, medium and low), significant differences were found in the use of behavioural and cognitively orientated approaches. When perception of parental support was low, swimmers reported using less active and training-orientated mechanisms and a tendency to use strategies such as self-blame and venting of emotion. These findings suggest that the effectiveness and ability of coping strategies to adapt to differing situations may be contingent upon perceptions of perceived support for junior swimmers. This highlights an area for future research.
本研究考察了国家少年年龄组游泳运动员如何应对成绩不佳的情况，并探讨了应对策略的使用是否会随着对父母支持的认知而变化。104名少年年龄组游泳运动员（平均年龄14.2岁）完成了一份修改版的应对方式量表（克罗克和伊萨克，1997年）以及感知到的父母支持量表（范·伊佩伦，1995年）。结果显示，该样本中的游泳运动员使用了行为和认知策略的组合，重点是个人或内在聚焦的方法。在分析应对策略和对父母支持的认知（高、中、低）时，发现行为和认知导向方法的使用存在显著差异。当对父母支持的认知较低时，游泳运动员报告使用的积极和以训练为导向的机制较少，并且倾向于使用自责和情绪发泄等策略。这些发现表明，应对策略适应不同情况的有效性和能力可能取决于少年游泳运动员对感知到的支持的认知。这突出了一个未来研究的领域。
