Sigal Leonard H
Pharmaceutical Research Institute/Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.
J Clin Rheumatol. 2005 Dec;11(6):336-9. doi: 10.1097/01.rhu.0000191149.21528.f7.
As noted in previous articles in this series, the very heterogeneous MHC class I and II molecules present peptide antigens to T-cells. However, there is another family of less heterogeneous MHC-related molecules. CD1 molecules present lipid antigens, oftentimes to 2 other distinct families of T-cells: gammadelta T-cells (named because they bear a T-cell antigen receptor consisting of a gamma chain and a delta chain rather than the alpha chain/beta chain heterodimer on most T-cells) and iNKT cells (T-cells that bear markers previously defined on natural killer cells). CD1 molecules and the gammadelta T-cells and iNKT cells to which they present antigens have fundamental responsibilities for immune surveillance over intracellular pathogens and serve other roles that place them at the boundary between innate and acquired immunity. The gammadelta T-cell has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, rheumatologic and otherwise, suggesting that better understanding of these cells, and of CD1 molecules, may help us explain the immunopathogenesis of some inflammatory diseases and how to craft more targeted therapies in many fields of medicine.
正如本系列之前的文章所指出的，非常异质的MHC I类和II类分子将肽抗原呈递给T细胞。然而，存在另一类异质性较低的MHC相关分子家族。CD1分子呈递脂质抗原，通常呈递给另外两类不同的T细胞：γδT细胞（因其携带由γ链和δ链组成的T细胞抗原受体而得名，而不是大多数T细胞上的α链/β链异二聚体）和iNKT细胞（携带先前在自然杀伤细胞上定义的标志物的T细胞）。CD1分子以及它们向其呈递抗原的γδT细胞和iNKT细胞对细胞内病原体的免疫监视负有基本责任，并发挥其他作用，使它们处于先天免疫和获得性免疫的边界。γδT细胞已被认为与许多疾病（包括风湿病及其他疾病）的发病机制有关，这表明更好地了解这些细胞以及CD1分子，可能有助于我们解释某些炎症性疾病的免疫发病机制，以及如何在许多医学领域制定更有针对性的治疗方法。
