Nierman William C, Pain Arnab, Anderson Michael J, Wortman Jennifer R, Kim H Stanley, Arroyo Javier, Berriman Matthew, Abe Keietsu, Archer David B, Bermejo Clara, Bennett Joan, Bowyer Paul, Chen Dan, Collins Matthew, Coulsen Richard, Davies Robert, Dyer Paul S, Farman Mark, Fedorova Nadia, Fedorova Natalie, Feldblyum Tamara V, Fischer Reinhard, Fosker Nigel, Fraser Audrey, García Jose L, García Maria J, Goble Arlette, Goldman Gustavo H, Gomi Katsuya, Griffith-Jones Sam, Gwilliam Ryan, Haas Brian, Haas Hubertus, Harris David, Horiuchi H, Huang Jiaqi, Humphray Sean, Jiménez Javier, Keller Nancy, Khouri Hoda, Kitamoto Katsuhiko, Kobayashi Tetsuo, Konzack Sven, Kulkarni Resham, Kumagai Toshitaka, Lafon Anne, Latgé Jean-Paul, Li Weixi, Lord Angela, Lu Charles, Majoros William H, May Gregory S, Miller Bruce L, Mohamoud Yasmin, Molina Maria, Monod Michel, Mouyna Isabelle, Mulligan Stephanie, Murphy Lee, O'Neil Susan, Paulsen Ian, Peñalva Miguel A, Pertea Mihaela, Price Claire, Pritchard Bethan L, Quail Michael A, Rabbinowitsch Ester, Rawlins Neil, Rajandream Marie-Adele, Reichard Utz, Renauld Hubert, Robson Geoffrey D, Rodriguez de Córdoba Santiago, Rodríguez-Peña Jose M, Ronning Catherine M, Rutter Simon, Salzberg Steven L, Sanchez Miguel, Sánchez-Ferrero Juan C, Saunders David, Seeger Kathy, Squares Rob, Squares Steven, Takeuchi Michio, Tekaia Fredj, Turner Geoffrey, Vazquez de Aldana Carlos R, Weidman Janice, White Owen, Woodward John, Yu Jae-Hyuk, Fraser Claire, Galagan James E, Asai Kiyoshi, Machida Masayuki, Hall Neil, Barrell Bart, Denning David W
The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.
Nature. 2005 Dec 22;438(7071):1151-6. doi: 10.1038/nature04332.
Aspergillus fumigatus is exceptional among microorganisms in being both a primary and opportunistic pathogen as well as a major allergen. Its conidia production is prolific, and so human respiratory tract exposure is almost constant. A. fumigatus is isolated from human habitats and vegetable compost heaps. In immunocompromised individuals, the incidence of invasive infection can be as high as 50% and the mortality rate is often about 50% (ref. 2). The interaction of A. fumigatus and other airborne fungi with the immune system is increasingly linked to severe asthma and sinusitis. Although the burden of invasive disease caused by A. fumigatus is substantial, the basic biology of the organism is mostly obscure. Here we show the complete 29.4-megabase genome sequence of the clinical isolate Af293, which consists of eight chromosomes containing 9,926 predicted genes. Microarray analysis revealed temperature-dependent expression of distinct sets of genes, as well as 700 A. fumigatus genes not present or significantly diverged in the closely related sexual species Neosartorya fischeri, many of which may have roles in the pathogenicity phenotype. The Af293 genome sequence provides an unparalleled resource for the future understanding of this remarkable fungus.
烟曲霉在微生物中很特殊，它既是原发性和机会性病原体，也是主要的变应原。它能大量产生分生孢子，因此人类呼吸道几乎持续暴露于其中。烟曲霉可从人类居住环境和蔬菜堆肥中分离得到。在免疫功能低下的个体中，侵袭性感染的发生率可高达50%，死亡率通常约为50%（参考文献2）。烟曲霉和其他空气传播真菌与免疫系统的相互作用越来越多地与重度哮喘和鼻窦炎相关。尽管烟曲霉引起的侵袭性疾病负担很重，但该生物体的基础生物学特性大多仍不清楚。在此，我们展示了临床分离株Af293完整的2940万个碱基对的基因组序列，它由八条染色体组成，包含9926个预测基因。微阵列分析揭示了不同基因集的温度依赖性表达，以及700个在近缘有性物种费氏新萨托菌中不存在或有显著差异的烟曲霉基因，其中许多基因可能在致病表型中起作用。Af293基因组序列为未来了解这种非凡的真菌提供了无与伦比的资源。
