Zwierlein Martin W, Schirotzek André, Schunck Christian H, Ketterle Wolfgang
Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Science. 2006 Jan 27;311(5760):492-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1122318. Epub 2005 Dec 22.
We established superfluidity in a two-state mixture of ultracold fermionic atoms with imbalanced state populations. This study relates to the long-standing debate about the nature of the superfluid state in Fermi systems. Indicators for superfluidity were condensates of fermion pairs and vortices in rotating clouds. For strong interactions, near a Feshbach resonance, superfluidity was observed for a broad range of population imbalances. We mapped out the superfluid regime as a function of interaction strength and population imbalance and characterized the quantum phase transition to the normal state, known as the Pauli limit of superfluidity.
我们在超冷费米子原子的双态混合物中实现了具有不平衡态布居数的超流性。这项研究涉及到关于费米系统中超流态本质的长期争论。超流性的指标是费米子对的凝聚体和旋转云团中的涡旋。对于强相互作用，在费什巴赫共振附近，在广泛的布居数不平衡范围内都观察到了超流性。我们绘制了超流区域作为相互作用强度和布居数不平衡的函数关系图，并表征了向正常态的量子相变，即所谓的超流性泡利极限。
