Multidimensional scaling of ferrous sulfate and basic tastes.

The status of metallic sensations as a primary or basic taste category is controversial. Ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) has been suggested as a prototypical metallic chemosensory stimulus. At least part of the metallic sensation from FeSO4 arises from a metallic retronasal smell. The quality of this sensation was studied via multidimensional scaling (MDS) of taste similarities, with and without nasal closure to eliminate retronasal olfactory sensations. The metallic stimulus was embedded in a series containing classical "basic taste" stimuli, alum and monosodium glutamate. With olfaction available, the metallic stimulus plotted away from basic tastes and taste mixtures. Scaled ratings of sensory properties related to metallic taste (iron-nail, copper-penny-like, aftertaste) of FeSO4 decreased with nasal closure. Results are consistent with the idea that ferrous sulfate produces a distinctly different sensation from the traditional basic tastes, which includes both olfactory and oral sensations.