Josefsson Karin, Sonde Lars, Winblad Bengt, Robins Wahlin Tarja-Brita
Department of Health Sciences, Orebro University, S-701 82 Orebro, Sweden.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2007 Jan;44(1):71-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.10.014. Epub 2005 Dec 22.
Organizational changes have occurred in municipal elderly care in Sweden during the past decades. The 'Adel' reform transferred responsibility for the care of older persons from the county councils to the municipalities. Furthermore, the specialisation in dementia care divided elderly care into two groups: dementia and general care. This change has had a significant impact on the work situation of registered nurses (RNs).
The main focus was to describe RNs' work situation and their characteristics in municipal elderly care. Another aim was to compare RNs working solely in dementia care with those working in general care of older persons with diverse diagnoses.
A non-experimental, descriptive design with a survey research approach was used.
Sixty special housing units with underlying units including those offering daytime activities in a large city in the middle of Sweden.
The number of participating RNs was a total of 213, with a response rate of 62.3%. Of the 213 RNs, 95 (44.6%) worked in dementia care, and 118 (55.4%) in general care.
A questionnaire survey.
The results indicated high levels of time pressure in both groups. Greater knowledge and greater emotional and conflicting demands were found in dementia care. The majority perceived a greater opportunity to plan and perform daily work tasks than to influence the work situation in a wider context. Support at work was perceived as generally high from management and fellow workers and higher in dementia care.
It is important to decrease RNs' time pressure and increase their influence on decisions made at work.
在过去几十年里，瑞典市政老年护理领域发生了组织变革。“阿德尔”改革将老年人护理责任从郡议会转移至市政当局。此外，痴呆症护理专业化将老年护理分为两组：痴呆症护理和一般护理。这一变化对注册护士（RN）的工作状况产生了重大影响。
主要重点是描述注册护士在市政老年护理中的工作状况及其特点。另一个目的是比较仅从事痴呆症护理的注册护士与从事患有各种诊断的老年人一般护理的注册护士。
采用非实验性描述性设计及调查研究方法。
瑞典中部一个大城市的60个特殊住房单元及附属单元，包括提供日间活动的单元。
共有213名注册护士参与，回复率为62.3%。在这213名注册护士中，95名（44.6%）从事痴呆症护理工作，118名（55.4%）从事一般护理工作。
问卷调查。
结果表明两组的时间压力都很大。在痴呆症护理中发现知识更丰富，情感需求和冲突需求也更大。大多数人认为有更多机会计划和执行日常工作任务，而不是在更广泛的背景下影响工作状况。工作中的支持普遍被认为来自管理层和同事，在痴呆症护理中更高。
减轻注册护士的时间压力并增加他们对工作决策的影响力很重要。
