Toyota Hiroshi, Kikuchi Yasuko
Department of Psychology, Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara-City, 630-8528 Japan.
Percept Mot Skills. 2005 Oct;101(2):621-7. doi: 10.2466/pms.101.2.621-627.
The present study investigated encoding variability in self-generated elaboration on incidental memory as a function of the type of presentation which was either massed or spaced. The subjects generated different answers to a "why" question for the first and the second presentations of a target sentence in a self-generated elaboration condition. In an experimenter-provided elaboration condition they then rated the appropriateness of the different answers provided by the experimenter for the first and second presentations. This procedure was followed by two free recall tests, one of which was immediate and the other delayed. A self-generated elaboration effect was observed in both the spaced and the massed presentations. These results indicated that the self-generated elaboration effect was facilitated, even in the massed presentation because the different answers to the first and the second presentations led to a richer encoding of each target.
本研究调查了在附带记忆中自我生成的详尽阐述中的编码变异性，该变异性是作为呈现类型（集中呈现或间隔呈现）的函数。在自我生成的详尽阐述条件下，对于目标句子的第一次和第二次呈现，受试者对一个“为什么”问题给出了不同答案。在实验者提供的详尽阐述条件下，他们随后对实验者为第一次和第二次呈现提供的不同答案的恰当性进行了评分。此程序之后进行了两次自由回忆测试，其中一次是即时测试，另一次是延迟测试。在间隔呈现和集中呈现中均观察到了自我生成的详尽阐述效应。这些结果表明，即使在集中呈现中，自我生成的详尽阐述效应也得到了促进，因为对第一次和第二次呈现的不同答案导致了对每个目标更丰富的编码。
