Pál József, Tóth Zsolt, Farkas Orsolya, Kellényi Lóránd, Dóczi Tamás, Gallyas Ferenc
Clinical Neuroscience Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Pécs University, Rét utca 2, H-7623 Pécs, Hungary.
J Neurosci Methods. 2006 Jun 15;153(2):283-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.11.004. Epub 2005 Dec 27.
A new weight-drop head-injury apparatus is described that can produce a momentary depression of predetermined depth at a predetermined site of the elastic calvaria of scalped young adult rats. In Wistar rats weighing about 200 g, a 0.75-mm deep calvaria depression immediately caused ultrastructural (neurofilament) compaction in many long axon segments, which were diffusely scattered among non-compacted axons in a well-defined area of cortical layers IV and V under the impact site. Apart from these morphological changes and swollen astrocytic processes in their vicinity, the brain tissue appeared non-impaired. The blood pressure, intracranial pressure, heart rate and respiration rate had returned to the normal range in 1 min. Diffuse axonal swelling caused by impaired axonal transport, ultrastructural compaction in neuronal soma-dendrite domains, impression fracture and subarachnoid or subdural hemorrhages were observed only in rats with a calvaria depression of 1mm or more. All these features create favorable circumstances for study of various problems that are closely related to the ultrastructural (neurofilament) compaction in axons, such as the fate of the affected axons.
本文描述了一种新型的落体式头部损伤装置，该装置可在有头皮的成年幼鼠弹性颅骨的预定部位产生预定深度的瞬间凹陷。在体重约200 g的Wistar大鼠中，颅骨0.75 mm深度的凹陷立即导致许多长轴突段出现超微结构（神经丝）致密化，这些轴突段分散在撞击部位下方皮层IV层和V层明确区域内未致密化的轴突之间。除了这些形态学变化及其附近肿胀的星形胶质细胞突起外，脑组织看起来未受损。血压、颅内压、心率和呼吸频率在1分钟内恢复到正常范围。仅在颅骨凹陷1 mm或更深的大鼠中观察到由轴突运输受损引起的弥漫性轴突肿胀、神经元胞体-树突区域的超微结构致密化以及凹陷性骨折和蛛网膜下腔或硬膜下出血。所有这些特征为研究与轴突超微结构（神经丝）致密化密切相关的各种问题创造了有利条件，例如受影响轴突的命运。
