Lyons E T, Tolliver S C, Collins S S
Department of Veterinary Science, Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0099, USA.
Parasitol Res. 2006 Apr;98(5):496-500. doi: 10.1007/s00436-005-0091-x. Epub 2005 Dec 30.
Fecal samples (n=1,584) for a parasite study were collected from Thoroughbred foals (n=349), 28 to 330 days old, on seven farms in central Kentucky during 49 monthly trips from May to October, November, or December 2004. The main purpose was to determine possible drug resistance of ascarids, also of strongyles, to ivermectin (IVM) and other commercially available compounds [fenbendazole, moxidectin (MOX), oxibendazole (OBZ), and pyrantel pamoate]. In addition, interest was on prevalence of foal parasites. Qualitative data were obtained by recording presence or absence of ascarid and strongyle eggs in feces from 7 to 25 days after treatment of some of the foals. None of the compounds completely eliminated ascarid eggs in feces of all foals posttreatment. Activity on ascarids was significantly the highest for OBZ and lowest for IVM. Activity on strongyles was significantly higher for IVM and MOX than for the other compounds. Prevalence (mean percentage of foals infected) was recorded for eggs of Parascaris equorum (39%), of strongyles (32%), and of Strongyloides westeri (2%) and oocysts of Eimeria leuckarti (28%) in feces of foals. One or more foals had infections of P. equorum on six farms (86%), strongyles on seven farms (100%), S. westeri on two farms (29%), and E. leuckarti on six farms (86%). The oldest foal infected with E. leuckarti was 301 days of age. Comparison was made on the prevalence of parasites in foals on five of the same farms in the 2004 study, which were part of a similar 14-farm project in 2003 (Lyons and Tolliver in Parasitol Res (2004) 92:400-404).
2004年5月至10月、11月或12月期间，在肯塔基州中部的7个农场，对349匹28至330日龄的纯种马驹进行了寄生虫研究，共采集了1584份粪便样本。主要目的是确定蛔虫以及圆线虫对伊维菌素（IVM）和其他市售化合物[芬苯达唑、莫西菌素（MOX）、奥苯达唑（OBZ）和吡喹酮]的可能耐药性。此外，还关注马驹寄生虫的感染率。通过记录部分马驹治疗后7至25天粪便中蛔虫和圆线虫卵的有无来获取定性数据。所有化合物均未完全消除治疗后所有马驹粪便中的蛔虫卵。OBZ对蛔虫的活性显著最高，IVM最低。IVM和MOX对圆线虫的活性显著高于其他化合物。记录了马驹粪便中马副蛔虫卵（39%）、圆线虫卵（32%）、韦氏类圆线虫卵（2%）和鲁氏艾美耳球虫卵囊（28%）的感染率（感染马驹的平均百分比）。6个农场（86%）的一匹或多匹马驹感染了马副蛔虫，7个农场（100%）的马驹感染了圆线虫，2个农场（29%）的马驹感染了韦氏类圆线虫，6个农场（86%）的马驹感染了鲁氏艾美耳球虫。感染鲁氏艾美耳球虫的最老马驹为301日龄。对2004年研究中5个相同农场的马驹寄生虫感染率与2003年类似的14个农场项目（Lyons和Tolliver，《寄生虫学研究》（2004年）92:400 - 404）进行了比较。
