Koike Tatsuya
Rheumatosurgery, Osaka City University Medical School.
Clin Calcium. 2006 Jan;16(1):96-101.
Osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures have become an epidemic in the industrialized world. Osteoporosis, low bone mass, is a silent condition with microarchitectural deterioration of the bone structure leading to decreased bone strength and osteoporotic fractures. Physical activity has been advocated as offering a potential means to increase and maintain bone mineral density. Previous cross-sectional studies showed that there is a strong association between exercise and bone mineral density, especially in athletic individuals. However, there might be a self-selection bias; i.e. individuals with larger muscles and bones are more likely to choose an athletic lifestyle. Although there is a report that physical activity is associated with a reduced risk for hip fracture among older community-dwelling women, the effects of vigorous exercises building bone mass is modest and considerably less than bisphosphonates. The proper evaluation of exercise as a preventative therapy for osteoporosis should focus on prevention of falls or osteoporotic fractures.
骨质疏松症及骨质疏松性骨折在工业化国家已成为一种流行病。骨质疏松症，即骨量低，是一种无声的病症，其骨结构微观结构恶化会导致骨强度下降及骨质疏松性骨折。体育活动被认为是增加和维持骨矿物质密度的一种潜在手段。以往的横断面研究表明，运动与骨矿物质密度之间存在密切关联，尤其是在运动员群体中。然而，可能存在自我选择偏差；也就是说，肌肉和骨骼较大的个体更有可能选择运动型的生活方式。尽管有报告称体育活动与老年社区女性髋部骨折风险降低有关，但通过剧烈运动增加骨量的效果并不显著，且远低于双膦酸盐类药物。对运动作为骨质疏松症预防疗法的恰当评估应侧重于预防跌倒或骨质疏松性骨折。
