Kikuchi Mitsuru, Komuro Ryutarou, Oka Hiroshi, Kidani Tomokazu, Hanaoka Akira, Koshino Yoshifumi
Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2005 Dec;59(6):639-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2005.01430.x.
The present study was performed to compare the clinical features of patients with panic disorder with and without agoraphobia. The subjects were 233 outpatients with panic disorder (99 males and 134 females) diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria. Sixty-three patients met the criteria for panic disorder without agoraphobia, and 170 met the criteria for panic disorder with agoraphobia. Patients with agoraphobia showed a significantly longer duration of panic disorder and higher prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder. However, there were no significant differences in prevalence of major depressive episodes, in current severity of panic attacks, or in gender ratio between the two groups. The second aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of onset age and sex differences on the development of agoraphobia within a half-year. The subjects were divided into two groups according to their self-report: patients who did or did not develop agoraphobia within 24 weeks of onset of panic disorder. A total of 40.6% of the patients developed agoraphobia within 24 weeks of the onset of panic disorder, and onset age and sex differences had no robust effect on the development of agoraphobia within 24 weeks.
本研究旨在比较伴有和不伴有广场恐惧症的惊恐障碍患者的临床特征。研究对象为233例根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）标准诊断为惊恐障碍的门诊患者（99例男性，134例女性）。63例患者符合无广场恐惧症的惊恐障碍标准，170例符合伴有广场恐惧症的惊恐障碍标准。伴有广场恐惧症的患者惊恐障碍病程显著更长，广泛性焦虑障碍患病率更高。然而，两组在重度抑郁发作患病率、当前惊恐发作严重程度或性别比例方面无显著差异。本研究的第二个目的是调查起病年龄和性别差异对半年内广场恐惧症发展的影响。根据患者自我报告将研究对象分为两组：在惊恐障碍起病24周内出现或未出现广场恐惧症的患者。共有40.6%的患者在惊恐障碍起病24周内出现广场恐惧症，起病年龄和性别差异对24周内广场恐惧症的发展没有显著影响。
