Kramer Laurie, Kowal Amanda K
Department of Human and Community Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61801, USA.
J Fam Psychol. 2005 Dec;19(4):503-11. doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.19.4.503.
The purpose of the present study was to examine continuity in sibling relationships across childhood and to evaluate the degree to which children's experiences with their friends and mothers prior to their sibling's birth predict the quality of the relationship they establish with their siblings in adolescence. Twenty-eight firstborn children, who were 48 months old at the time of their sibling's birth, were observed interacting with their siblings and friends at multiple time points. The level of positive social behaviors demonstrated in their early relationships with friends continued to predict sibling relationship quality in adolescence. Firstborn children who had more positive interactions with friends prior to their sibling's birth demonstrated more prosocial interactions with both their siblings and friends in adolescence and exhibited fewer externalizing behaviors. Longitudinal associations support the hypothesis that the social competencies that young children demonstrate in their early relationships with friends may have enduring significance for their social development.
本研究的目的是考察整个童年期兄弟姐妹关系的连续性，并评估儿童在其兄弟姐妹出生之前与朋友和母亲的经历在多大程度上能够预测他们在青春期与兄弟姐妹建立的关系质量。28名头胎儿童在其兄弟姐妹出生时为48个月大，在多个时间点观察他们与兄弟姐妹及朋友的互动。他们在早期与朋友关系中所表现出的积极社会行为水平，持续预测着青春期的兄弟姐妹关系质量。在其兄弟姐妹出生之前与朋友有更多积极互动的头胎儿童，在青春期与兄弟姐妹及朋友都表现出更多的亲社会互动，且外化行为更少。纵向关联支持了这样一种假设，即幼儿在早期与朋友关系中所展现的社交能力可能对其社会发展具有持久的重要意义。
