Krämer U, Lemmen C, Bartusel E, Link E, Ring J, Behrendt H
Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy, National Research Centre for Environment and Health (GSF), Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Br J Dermatol. 2006 Jan;154(1):99-105. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.07003.x.
Mite allergen exposure is an important risk factor for specific IgE production and is associated with asthma, hay fever and eczema. Whether these associations are independent of mite species has not been investigated so far.
To investigate the influence of exposure to the major house dust mite (HDM) allergens Der p 1 and Der f 1 on sensitization, respiratory symptoms, and especially on eczema and related skin symptoms in 6-7-year-old children.
In a cross-sectional study in Augsburg (Bavaria, Germany) 1669 school beginners (mean age 6.5 years) were investigated in 1996. The concentrations of Der p 1 and Der f 1 were measured in dust samples from mattresses of 1081 children by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The prevalence of atopy-related health outcomes was assessed by questionnaire, dermatological examination, skin prick testing and determination of specific serum IgE concentrations by radioallergosorbent test. Information about covariates was taken from questionnaires and interview data. Logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding.
The mean concentrations of Der p 1 and Der f 1 were 0.68 and 0.79 microg g(-1) dust, respectively. The relationship between the two species-specific allergens in individual homes was poor (Pearson correlation 0.2). Influencing variables were bedroom-sharing (Der p 1) and social status of the parents (Der f 1). Respiratory diseases were positively associated with both allergen concentrations [odds ratio (OR) between 1.1 and 2.6]. These associations were significant for sneezing attacks (Der p 1 and Der f 1). Reported prevalence of current (in the last 12 months) itchy skin rash was significantly associated with exposure to Der f 1 only (OR 2.4, P < 0.003); also a diagnosis of atopic eczema on the day of investigation was positively associated with Der f 1 only (OR 1.8, P = 0.14).
Studies on the effects of HDM exposure on eczema and allergies should consider specific effects of different mite species. This might have implications on assessment of allergen exposure and consecutive prevention or therapeutic measures.
接触螨过敏原是产生特异性IgE的重要风险因素，且与哮喘、花粉症和湿疹相关。目前尚未研究这些关联是否独立于螨的种类。
研究接触主要屋尘螨（HDM）过敏原Der p 1和Der f 1对6至7岁儿童致敏、呼吸道症状，尤其是对湿疹及相关皮肤症状的影响。
1996年在奥格斯堡（德国巴伐利亚州）进行了一项横断面研究，调查了1669名刚入学儿童（平均年龄6.5岁）。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法测量了1081名儿童床垫灰尘样本中Der p 1和Der f 1的浓度。通过问卷调查、皮肤科检查、皮肤点刺试验以及放射变应原吸附试验测定特异性血清IgE浓度来评估特应性相关健康结局的患病率。协变量信息来自问卷调查和访谈数据。采用逻辑回归进行混杂因素调整。
Der p 1和Der f 1的平均浓度分别为0.68和0.79微克/克灰尘。各个家庭中两种物种特异性过敏原之间的关系较差（Pearson相关性为0.2）。影响变量为共用卧室（Der p 1）和父母的社会地位（Der f 1）。呼吸道疾病与两种过敏原浓度均呈正相关[比值比（OR）在1.1至2.6之间]。这些关联在打喷嚏发作方面（Der p 1和Der f 1）具有显著性。报告的当前（过去12个月内）皮肤瘙痒性皮疹患病率仅与接触Der f 1显著相关（OR 2.4，P < 0.003）；在调查当天诊断为特应性湿疹也仅与Der f 1呈正相关（OR 1.8，P = 0.14）。
关于接触HDM对湿疹和过敏影响的研究应考虑不同螨种类的特定影响。这可能对过敏原暴露评估以及后续的预防或治疗措施有影响。
