Helin Henrik O, Lundin Mikael E, Laakso Mervi, Lundin Johan, Helin Heikki J, Isola Jorma
Institute of Medical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
J Urol. 2006 Feb;175(2):495-9. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00164-3.
Histopathological diagnosis of small focus carcinomas in prostatic needle biopsies is often assisted by IHC. To make a definitive diagnosis the pathologist must compare IHC findings with hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue morphology. We introduce what is to our knowledge a new application of virtual microscopy, in which hematoxylin and eosin, and IHC stains done sequentially on the same microscope slide can be simultaneously displayed and compared on a computer screen.
A total of 30 hematoxylin and eosin stained prostatic needle biopsies were scanned with a computer controlled microscope. The slides were destained and then immunostained with a cocktail of AMACR and p63 antibodies, which labels the nuclei of nonmalignant basal cells (p63) and the cytoplasm of neoplastic glandular cells suspicious for malignancy (AMACR). The slides were then scanned again and the pairs of virtual slides were aligned for synchronized viewing.
The presented technique was found helpful when suspicious lesions were small and when examining the immunoprofile of specimens was warranted, in addition to examining hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue morphology. The usefulness of our approach based on virtual microscopy can be evaluated on the website , which also serves as an educational tool for self-learning the correlation between hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue morphology, and AMACR/p63 IHC in prostate biopsies.
The technology for simultaneously viewing sequentially hematoxylin and eosin and IHC stained prostate biopsies can be readily used for educational purposes, as exemplified by our website, and along with the availability of rapid virtual slide scanners it can also be used for clinical diagnostics.
前列腺穿刺活检中小灶癌的组织病理学诊断常借助免疫组化（IHC）。为做出明确诊断，病理学家必须将免疫组化结果与苏木精和伊红染色的组织形态学进行比较。我们介绍了一种据我们所知的虚拟显微镜的新应用，即在同一显微镜载玻片上依次进行的苏木精和伊红染色以及免疫组化染色可在计算机屏幕上同时显示和比较。
用计算机控制的显微镜对总共30例苏木精和伊红染色的前列腺穿刺活检标本进行扫描。将玻片脱色，然后用AMACR和p63抗体混合物进行免疫染色，该混合物标记非恶性基底细胞的细胞核（p63）和可疑恶性肿瘤的肿瘤腺细胞的细胞质（AMACR）。然后再次扫描玻片，并将成对的虚拟玻片对齐以便同步观察。
当可疑病变较小且除了检查苏木精和伊红染色的组织形态学外还需要检查标本的免疫表型时，所呈现的技术很有帮助。基于虚拟显微镜的我们这种方法的实用性可在网站上进行评估，该网站还可作为一种自学工具，用于学习前列腺活检中苏木精和伊红染色的组织形态学与AMACR/p63免疫组化之间的相关性。
如我们的网站所示，同时观察依次进行苏木精和伊红染色以及免疫组化染色的前列腺活检标本的技术可很容易地用于教学目的，并且随着快速虚拟玻片扫描仪的出现，它也可用于临床诊断。
