Araki Atsushi
Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital.
Nihon Rinsho. 2006 Jan;64(1):134-9.
The purpose of diabetes education in the elderly is to improve metabolic control and to maintain the quality of life. Diet should be weighted on maintenance of nutritional balance rather than energy restrictions. Simple dietary education program including point-to-point advices may be effective in elderly individuals. Resistance exercise as well as aerobic exercise should be recommended for prevention of atherosclerotic disease, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and depression and for glycemic control. Self-monitoring blood glucose is an important measure to cope with hypoglycemia or sick days. In case of unstable dietary intake, sliding rules of insulin dose should be instructed to patients and their families. Psychological support is essential to patients and their caregivers who support diabetic patients having dementia, depression, and disabilities.
老年糖尿病教育的目的是改善代谢控制并维持生活质量。饮食应侧重于维持营养平衡而非限制能量摄入。包括点对点建议的简单饮食教育计划可能对老年人有效。应推荐抗阻运动以及有氧运动，以预防动脉粥样硬化疾病、骨质疏松症、肌肉减少症和抑郁症，并控制血糖。自我监测血糖是应对低血糖或患病日的重要措施。在饮食摄入不稳定的情况下，应向患者及其家属说明胰岛素剂量的调整规则。心理支持对于照顾患有痴呆症、抑郁症和残疾的糖尿病患者的患者及其护理人员至关重要。
