Marley R J, Elmer G I, Goldberg S R
National Institute on Drug Abuse, Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.
Pharmacol Ther. 1992;53(2):217-37. doi: 10.1016/0163-7258(92)90010-w.
Pharmacogenetics, the study of genetic factors underlying individual differences in response to drugs, has proven useful for demonstrating that there are large genetic differences in response to a number of abused drugs. Pharmacogenetics also provides a number of useful tools for studying mechanisms underlying the effects of drugs. This review discusses pharmacogenetic techniques with potential utility for drug abuse research and provides examples of their use in studies of the effects of acute and chronic nicotine, cocaine and opiate administration. The importance of using genetically standardized animal models in behavioral and pharmacological research is also discussed.
药物遗传学是研究个体对药物反应差异背后的遗传因素，它已被证明有助于表明在对多种滥用药物的反应中存在巨大的遗传差异。药物遗传学还为研究药物作用机制提供了许多有用的工具。本综述讨论了对药物滥用研究具有潜在效用的药物遗传学技术，并提供了这些技术在急性和慢性尼古丁、可卡因及阿片类药物给药效应研究中的应用实例。还讨论了在行为和药理学研究中使用基因标准化动物模型的重要性。
