Fors Ronny, Persson Maurits
Department of Odontology, Orthodontics, Umeå University, Sweden.
Eur J Orthod. 2006 Jun;28(3):292-7. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cji091. Epub 2006 Jan 13.
The aim of this study was to compare the content of nickel in the saliva and dental biofilm in young patients with and without orthodontic appliances. The possible influence of a dietary intake of nickel on recorded nickel levels was examined. Nickel content in unstimulated whole saliva and in dental plaque of 24 boys and girls (mean age 14.8 years) with intraoral fixed orthodontic appliances was compared with 24 adolescents without such an appliance. Sample collection was set up to exclude nickel contamination. Diet intake was recorded for the preceding 48 hours to account for the influence of recent nickel content in food. Saliva and plaque were analysed for nickel content using an electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric (ETAAS) method. The acidified saliva samples were analysed as Millipore-filtered saliva with filter-retained fractions and plaque following dissolution in acids. No significant difference in nickel content of filtered saliva was found between the test and the control samples (P = 0.607); the median values of nickel content were 0.005 and 0.004 mug/g saliva, respectively. On the other hand, a significant difference was found for the filter-retained fraction (P = 0.008); median values for nickel were 25.3 and 14.9 mug/g, respectively. A significant difference in nickel content between test and control samples was also found in plaque collected at various tooth sites (P = 0.001; median values 1.03 and 0.45 mug/g, respectively). A stronger difference was found when comparing plaque collected from metal-covered tooth surfaces than from enamel surfaces of orthodontic patients. No association could be found between calculated dietary intake of nickel and recorded nickel in the test and control samples. It is concluded that nickel release occurs into the dental plaque and components of saliva of orthodontic patients, a situation that may reflect time dependence of its release from orthodontic appliances into the oral cavity and an aggregation of nickel at plaque sites.
本研究的目的是比较佩戴和未佩戴正畸矫治器的年轻患者唾液和牙菌斑中的镍含量。研究了饮食中镍摄入量对所记录镍水平的可能影响。将24名佩戴口腔固定正畸矫治器的男孩和女孩（平均年龄14.8岁）的非刺激性全唾液和牙菌斑中的镍含量与24名未佩戴此类矫治器的青少年进行了比较。样本采集过程中采取措施以排除镍污染。记录前48小时的饮食摄入量，以考量近期食物中镍含量的影响。采用电热原子吸收光谱法（ETAAS）分析唾液和牙菌斑中的镍含量。酸化后的唾液样本经微孔滤膜过滤后进行分析，过滤截留部分以及溶解于酸中的牙菌斑也进行分析。测试样本和对照样本的过滤唾液中镍含量无显著差异（P = 0.607）；镍含量的中位数分别为0.005和0.004微克/克唾液。另一方面，过滤截留部分存在显著差异（P = 0.008）；镍的中位数分别为25.3和14.9微克/克。在不同牙齿部位采集的牙菌斑中，测试样本和对照样本的镍含量也存在显著差异（P = 0.001；中位数分别为1.03和0.45微克/克）。比较正畸患者金属覆盖牙面和釉质表面采集的牙菌斑时，发现差异更为明显。在所计算的饮食镍摄入量与测试及对照样本中记录的镍含量之间未发现关联。得出的结论是，正畸患者的牙菌斑和唾液成分中会释放镍，这种情况可能反映了镍从正畸矫治器释放到口腔中的时间依赖性以及镍在菌斑部位的聚集。
