Aberle Neda, Ferić-Miklenić Monika, Kljajić-Bukvić Blazenka, Bublić Josko, Boranić Milivoj
Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital "Dr. Josip Bencević", Slavonski Brod, Croatia.
Coll Antropol. 2005 Dec;29(2):475-9.
Possible sources of tuberculosis (TBC) infection in children have been assessed in a retrospective epidemiological study covering a north-east region of Croatia in which the incidence of childhood tuberculosis has been increasing since the war in 1991-1995. During the past decade (1993-2003), 271 children up to 18 years of age have been referred for hospital care because of known contacts with tuberculosis (142 children, group A) or because of indicative clinical signs and symptoms (129 children, group B). Possible sources of infection were identified on the basis of medical documentation and field investigations. Frequencies of source identification for different age groups were compared. In group A, the exposure took place most often within the family (parents, grandparents, siblings, 129 of 142 children, 90.87%). Relatives, neighbors, friends and schoolmates accounted for 9.2%. In group B, possible sources of infection were identified for 44 of 129 children (34.1%) and were within the family for 16 of those 44 (36.4%). Evidenced contact with tuberculosis was more usual among younger children (0-9 years of age, 65.5%) in group A than among the older ones (10-18 years of age, 34.5%). In group B, contacts with tuberculosis were equally distributed (50.0%) among younger and older children. High proportion of unrecognized contacts in children having clinical signs and symptoms indicative of tuberculosis (group B, 85 of 129, 65.9%) opens the possibility that extra-familial exposure to tuberculosis occurs more often than expected regardless of the age of children.
在一项回顾性流行病学研究中，对克罗地亚东北部地区儿童结核病（TBC）感染的可能来源进行了评估。自1991 - 1995年战争以来，该地区儿童结核病发病率一直在上升。在过去十年（1993 - 2003年）中，有271名18岁以下儿童因已知与结核病患者有接触（142名儿童，A组）或因有指示性临床症状（129名儿童，B组）而被转诊至医院接受治疗。根据医疗记录和实地调查确定了可能的感染源。比较了不同年龄组感染源确定的频率。在A组中，接触最常发生在家庭内部（父母、祖父母、兄弟姐妹，142名儿童中有129名，占90.87%）。亲属、邻居、朋友和同学占9.2%。在B组中，129名儿童中有44名（34.1%）确定了可能的感染源，其中44名中有16名（36.4%）的感染源在家庭内部。在A组中，有结核病接触证据的情况在年幼儿童（0 - 9岁，65.5%）中比年长儿童（10 - 18岁，34.5%）中更常见。在B组中，结核病接触在年幼儿童和年长儿童中分布均匀（各占50.0%）。有结核病指示性临床症状的儿童（B组，129名中有85名，占65.9%）中未被识别的接触比例很高，这表明无论儿童年龄大小，家庭外接触结核病的情况可能比预期更频繁。
