Smith Derek R, Leggat Peter A
Department of Hazard Assessment, National Institute of Industrial Health, Kawasaki, Japan.
Kurume Med J. 2005;52(3):111-6. doi: 10.2739/kurumemedj.52.111.
Over ten years after his death, the Sabin oral vaccine continues its profound influence on public health throughout the world. The annual incidence of polio has fallen dramatically since its introduction, with more than 300,000 lives being spared each year and an annual global saving in excess of 1 billion US dollars. In many ways, the development of an effective oral vaccine and its subsequent regulation by the World Health Organization can serve as a model for medical researchers. Our review describes the contribution of Albert Sabin as a medical researcher, and how his vaccine had a profound impact on the global reduction of polio infections. As many different factors influenced health-care last century, we describe Sabin's involvement with respect to prevailing scientific paradigms and public health issues of the time. Our paper also outlines the basic epidemiology of poliovirus and the historical development of an effective vaccine, both with and without Albert Sabin.
在他去世十多年后，萨宾口服疫苗仍在对全球公共卫生产生深远影响。自引入以来，脊髓灰质炎的年发病率大幅下降，每年有超过30万人因此获救，全球每年节省超过10亿美元。在许多方面，一种有效口服疫苗的研发及其随后由世界卫生组织进行的监管可为医学研究人员树立典范。我们的综述描述了阿尔伯特·萨宾作为一名医学研究人员所做的贡献，以及他的疫苗如何对全球减少脊髓灰质炎感染产生了深远影响。由于上世纪有许多不同因素影响着医疗保健，我们描述了萨宾在当时流行的科学范式和公共卫生问题方面的参与情况。我们的论文还概述了脊髓灰质炎病毒的基本流行病学以及有效疫苗的历史发展，包括有阿尔伯特·萨宾参与和没有他参与的情况。
